Affiliations: [a] Clinical Neurodegenerative Research Unit, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Mexico City, Mexico | [b] Movement Disorder Clinic, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Mexico City, Mexico | [c] Department of Neurology, General Hospital, Zacatecas, Zacatecas, México | [d] Department of Neurology, General Hospital, Mérida, Yucatan, Mexico | [e] Movement Disorder Clinic, Hospital Universitario, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico | [f] Movement Disorder Clinic, Hospital Civil, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
Correspondence:
[*]
Correspondence to: Mayela Rodríguez-Violante, Movement Disorders Clinic, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Insurgentes Sur #3877 Col. La Fama 14269 Mexico City, Mexico. Tel.: +55 5606 3822/Ext. 5018; Fax: +55 5171 6456; [email protected]
Abstract:
Background: Neuropsychiatric symptoms in Parkinson’s disease (PD) are frequent. Impact of neuropsychiatric symptoms on quality of life has recently become a relevant topic of research due to its potential to develop targeted therapies to improve quality of life.
Objective: To determine the impact of neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with PD using the Parkinson’s DiseaseQuestionnaire Short Form (PDQ-8).
Methods: Consecutive patients with PD were evaluated with the Scale for Evaluation of Neuropsychiatric Disorders in Parkinson’s disease (SEND-PD) and PDQ-8 scales separately. Association between neuropsychiatric symptoms and quality of life was explored using, means comparisons, correlation coefficients and multiple regression models.
Results: A total of 492 patients were included for the study. Overall, 44.5% had psychotic symptoms, 76.5% had alterations on mood/apathy domains, and 27% had an impulse control disorder. All neuropsychiatric symptoms had an effect on the PDQ-8 with a moderate to large effect size. Correlation coefficients ranged from 0.17 to 0.63 between neuropsychiatric symptoms and quality of life (p < 0.001, in all cases). The regression model showed that mood/apathy alterations and impulse control disorders, along with MDS-UPDRS III accounted for 49.8% of variance in the PDQ-8 simplified index (F = 122.98; p < 0.001). Mood/apathy alterations showed the highest correlation coefficient (0.63, p < 0.001) and β (0.53, p < 0.001).
Conclusions: Both the presence and severity of neuropsychiatric symptoms, in particular mood/apathy alterations,had a significant impact on quality of life in subjects with PD.
Keywords: Parkinson’s disease, depression, apathy, impulse control disorders, psychosis, quality of life
