Affiliations: [a] Institute of Obstetric and Gynecologic Pathology, Department of Surgery, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, S. Bambino Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy | [b] Complex Operative Unit of Prenatal Diagnosis and Medical Genetics, University Hospital Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy | [c] Department of Pediatrics, University of Catania, Catania, Italy | [d] Department of Paediatric Cardiology, S. Bambino Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
Correspondence:
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Corresponding author: Dr. Ilaria Marilli, Institute of Obstetric and Gynecologic Pathology, Department of Surgery, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, S. Bambino Hospital, University of Catania, Via G. Gioviale, 1 – 95123 - Catania (CT), Italy. Tel.: +39 3334913227; Fax: +39 0957435518; [email protected]
Abstract: Pathognomonic features of in utero premature restriction/closure of the ductus arteriosus (DA) are increased right ventricular afterload, impaired right ventricular function, and consequently tricuspid regurgitation and right heart dilation. The most common reason for constriction-closure of DA is maternal administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) during the 3rd trimester of gestation. The idiopathic form is a rare event and, maybe, an underestimated abnormality that, if it is not promptly recognized, may result in severe fetal-neonatal compromise. We describe a case of a 38-year-old woman presenting at 34 +0 weeks of gestation with a normally grown male fetus whose fetal echocardiography had shown right ventricular hypertrophy, a tortuous S-shaped DA and a significant pulmonary hyperflow. All signs were consistent of an idiopathic severe constriction of DA with a significant fetal cardiac involvement. The patient was admitted to a tertiary care center equipped with Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), and delivered by cesarean section at 34 +4 weeks with a good maternal and neonatal outcome. Based on our experience and a review of the Literature we propose a management algorithm to use when dealing with preterm or early term pregnancy complicated by this fetal hemodynamic malfunction.
