Giant placental chorioangioma followed by circulatory failure of the newborn and infantile hemangioma: Case report
Article type: Case Report
Authors: Suga, S.; * | Araki, S. | Aramaki, S. | Shibata, E. | Kusuhara, K.
Affiliations: Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan | Center of Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health Hospital, Kitakyushu, Japan
Correspondence: [*] Address for correspondence: Shutaro Suga, MD, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan. Tel.: +81 93 691 7254; Fax: +81 93 691 9338; E-mail: shutarosuga@med.uoeh-u.ac.jp.
Abstract: Placental chorioangioma (CA) is a benign placental tumor. No specific treatment is required for asymptomatic cases. We report a female infant born to a mother with giant placental CA. However fetal growth was normal and, fetal hydrops was not detected by ultrasound examination until delivery, she had hydrops, subgaleal hematoma, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, respiratory distress and circulatory failure after birth. She was successfully treated without any neurological sequelae. At 2 months of age, infantile hemangioma appeared in her lower lip. The present case suggested that giant placental CA might cause postnatal problems and be associated with the development of infantile hemangioma.
Keywords: Placental chorioangioma, infantile hemangioma, placental tumor, fetal hydrops, hydrops
DOI: 10.3233/NPM-180118
Journal: Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 135-138, 2020
Giant placental chorioangioma and infantile hemangioma
What is it about?
Placental chorioangioma (CA) is a benign placental tumor.No specific treatment is required for asymptomatic cases.We report a female infant born to a mother with giant placental CA. However fetal growth was normal and, fetal hydrops was not detected by ultrasound examination until delivery, she had hydrops, subgaleal hematoma, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, respiratory distress and circulatory failure after birth. Shewas successfully treated without any neurological sequelae. At 2 months of age, infantile hemangioma appeared in her lower lip. The present case suggested that giant placental CA might cause postnatal problems and be associated with the development of infantile hemangioma.
Why is it important?
The present case poses two significant clinical issues. First, in spite of no remarkable abnormality detected in the fetus before delivery, giant placental CA might cause postnatal problems. Second, two major pathophysiological mechanisms of fetal hydrops due to placental CA have been postulated. One is that CA acts as arteriovenous malformation and causes high out-put cardiac failure. The other is that hamartomatous in small capillary-type vessels in the giant CA can cause hemolytic anemia, similar to Kasabach-Merritt syndrome, resulting in chronic in utero hypoxia and fetal growth restriction