Erratum to: A 19-Year-Old Adolescent with Probable Alzheimer’s Disease
Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, vol. 91, no. 3, 2023, pp. 915-922, DOI: 10.3233/JAD-221065
https://content.iospress.com/articles/journal-of-alzheimers-disease/jad221065
On page 917, in the section “CASE PRESENTATION”, paragraph 4, line 4, the Aβ42/40 ratio (0.06) was miswritten as follows:
“CSF biomarkers were suggestive of AD, with an increased p-tau181 concentration (51.57 pg/ml, 80.39 pg/ml; normal: 19.66–45.67 pg/ml) and a decreased Aβ42/40 ratio (0.06, 0.08; normal: 0.10), and increased t-tau levels in two tests (446.14 pg/ml, 425.91 pg/ml; normal: 47.00–225.00 pg/ml).”
The Aβ42/40 ratio should be 0.088 and 0.082 (this time we keep three decimal places) as shown in the below (the rest results remain the same):
“CSF biomarkers were suggestive of AD, with an increased p-tau181 concentration (51.57 pg/ml, 80.39 pg/ml; normal: 19.66–45.67 pg/ml) and a decreased Aβ42/40 ratio (0.088, 0.082; normal:>0.10), and increased t-tau levels in two tests (446.14 pg/ml, 425.91 pg/ml; normal: 47.00–225.00 pg/ml).”
Aβ42/40 ratio in 2020 was also miswritten in Table 1 on page 919. We modified 0.06 and 0.08 as 0.088 and 0.082 (the rest remain unchanged) in revised Table 1 in the below. The corrected Aβ42/40 ratio is less than 0.10 (cut-off value), which still supports the diagnosis.
Table 1
Summary of the AD-related tests
| Test items | Results | Reference range (age and education-matched) | |
| 2020 | 2021 | ||
| Cognitive tests | |||
| MMSE | 29 | 29 | 27– 30 |
| MoCA | 28 | 27 | 26– 30 |
| WHO-UCLA AVLT | |||
| short-delay free recall | – | 5 | 13.4±1.4 |
| long-delay free recall | – | 2 | 13.2±1.2 |
| long-delay recognition | – | 9 | 14.2±1.0 |
| total correctly recalled words | – | 37 | 56.1±5.3 |
| CDR | – | 0.5 or 1 | 0 |
| CSF tests | |||
| Aβ42/40 ratio | 0.088 | 0.082 | >0.10 |
| Aβ42 (pg/ml) | 1485.85 | 2844.43 | 610.00– 974.00 |
| Aβ40 (pg/ml) | 16798.97 | 34856.64 | |
| t-tau (pg/ml) | 446.14 | 425.91 | 47.00– 225.00 |
| p-tau 181 (pg/ml) | 51.57 | 80.39 | 19.66– 45.67 |
| Neuroimaging | |||
| Brain MRI | Atrophy of bilateral hippocampus | Atrophy of bilateral hippocampus | – |
| FDG-PET | Hypometabolism in temporal lobe | Hypometabolism in temporal lobe | – |
| [11C] PiB PET | – | Negative | Negative |
| 18F-PM-PBB3 | Negative | – | Negative |
| Brain MRA | – | Normal | – |
| Gene sequencing | |||
| APOE | ɛ3/ɛ3 | – | – |
| Recognized genetic mutations | None | – | – |
MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; WHO-UCLA AVLT, World Health Organization-University of California-Los Angeles Auditory Verbal Learning Test; CDR, Clinical Dementia Rating; WMS-IV, Wechsler Memory Scale Fourth Edition; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; PET, positron emission tomography; FDG, 18-F fluorodeoxyglucose; [11C]PiB, [11C] Pittsburgh compound B; 18F-PM-PBB3, [18F]PM-pyridinyl-butadienyl-benzothiazole 3 (PBB3); MRA, magnetic resonance angiography.
