Different Trajectories of Apathy and Depression Among Subjective Cognitive Impairment Individuals with or without Conversion to Dementia: Results from the Memento Cohort in France

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Bogdan, Anamaria^a | Fabre, Roxane^b | Desmidt, Thomas^c | Golebiowski, Jérôme^d | Topin, Jérémie^d | Bethus, Ingrid^e | Hanon, Olivier^f | Boutoleau-Bretonniere, Claire^g | Wagemann, Nathalie^g | Annweiler, Cédric^h | Ousset, Pierre-Jeanⁱ | Godefroy, Olivier^j | Rouch, Isabelle^k | Paccalin, Marc^l | Sukhorukova, Maryana^m | Gabelle, Audreyⁿ | Robert, Gabriel^o | David, Renaud^{a; p; *} | the Memento Group

Affiliations: [a] Cote d’Azur University, Nice University Hospital, Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Nice, France | [b] Nice University Hospital, Department of Public Health, Nice, France | [c] Tours University Hospital, Tours, France | [d] Côte D’Azur University, Chemistry Institute of Nice, France | [e] Côte d’Azur University, IPMC (Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et cellulaire), Sophia Antipolis, France | [f] Université Paris Cité - EA4468 APHP-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre - Service de Gériatrie- hôpital Broca, Paris, France | [g] Memory Clinic (CMRR), Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France | [h] Angers University Hospital, Angers, France | [i] Toulouse Clinical Research Center, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France | [j] Department of Neurology, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France | [k] Memory Clinic (CMRR) Saint Etienne, INSERM U1219, Bordeaux, France | [l] Department of Geriatry, Memory Clinic (CMRR), CIC U1402, Poitiers University Hospital, Poitiers, France | [m] Auhof St, 1130 Wien, Austria | [n] Memory Clinic (CMRR), Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France | [o] Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes | [p] NICE BRAIN non-profitorganization for research on brain, Nice, France

Correspondence: [*] Correspondence to: Renaud David, Cimiez Hospital, 4 avenue Reine Victoria, Pavillon Mossa RDC, Nice University Hospital 06000 Nice, France. E-mail: [email protected].

Abstract: Background:Apathy and depression are two early behavioral symptoms in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and related disorders that often occur prior to the onset of cognitive decline and memory disturbances. Both have been associated with an increased risk of conversion to dementia, with a distinct neuropathology. Objective:The assessment of the trajectories of apathy and depression and their independent impact on dementia conversion. Methods:Apathy and Depression were measured using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory for caregiver (NPI) and clinician (NPI-C), among the nondemented individuals reporting subjective cognitive decline (SCD) at baseline. They were followed up over a 60-month period. Some converted to dementia, according to the methodology carried out by the French Memento Cohort. Results:Among individuals with SCD (n = 2,323), the levels of apathy and depression were low and did not evolve significantly over the 60-month period, despite a trend in apathy increasing as of month 24. Regarding SCD individuals who converted to dementia within the 60-month period (n = 27), the prevalence of depression remained globally steady, while the levels of apathy increased over time. Conclusion:Apathy and depression have different trajectories among individuals with SCD and apathy alone is more likely—compared to depression—to be associated with conversion to dementia.

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, apathy, behavioral and psychological symptoms, dementia, depression

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-230162

Journal: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 95, no. 2, pp. 415-426, 2023