Does Personality Predict Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia? Results from PACO Prospective Study

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Rouch, Isabelle^{a; b; 1; *} | Dorey, Jean-Michel^{b; c; d; 1} | Padovan, Catherine^c | Trombert-Paviot, Béatrice^e | Benoit, Michel^f | Laurent, Bernard^a | PACO group (appendix) | Boublay, Nawèle^b | Krolak-Salmon, Pierre^{b; d}

Affiliations: [a] Memory Clinical and Research Center of Saint Etienne (CMRR), Neurology Unit, University Hospital of Saint Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France | [b] Memory Clinical and Research Center of Lyon (CMRR), Aging Institute I-Vie, University Hospital of Lyon, Villeurbanne, France | [c] Aging Psychiatry Unit, University Hospital Le Vinatier, Bron, France | [d] Brain Dynamics and Cognition, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, Lyon, France | [e] Public Health and Medical Information Unit, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint Etienne, France | [f] Psychiatry Unit, Hôpital Pasteur, University Hospital of Nice, Nice, France

Correspondence: [*] Correspondence to: Isabelle Rouch, Memory Clinical and Research Center of Saint Etienne (CMRR), Neurology Unit, Hospital of Saint Etienne, Avenue Albert Raimond, 42 055 Saint Etienne, France. Tel.: +33 4 77 12 73 98; Fax: +33 4 77 12 72 79; E-mail: [email protected].

Note: [1] These authors contributed equally to this work.

Abstract: Background:Premorbid personality could play a role in the onset of behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPS) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) but prospective studies are lacking. Objective:The present study aimed at prospectively assessing the influence of premorbid personality traits on BPS evolution in a population of patients with prodromal or mild AD. Methods:We used a multicenter prospective cohort study of 237 patients followed-up for 18 months. The influence of personality traits on BPS evolution, measured with Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), was assessed using linear mixed-effect models. Results:A principal components analysis of the 12 NPI behavioral domains yielded five factors labelled as psychotic symptoms, affective symptoms, behavioral dyscontrol, apathy/appetite symptoms, and sleep disorders. During the follow-up, higher neuroticism was significantly associated with a higher progression of affective symptoms (p < 0.0001), apathy/appetite symptoms (p = 0.002), sleep disorders (p = 0.001) as well as global NPI scores (p < 0.0001). Greater conscientiousness was related to a lower evolution of psychotic (p = 0.002), affective (p = 0.02) and apathy/appetite symptoms (p = 0.02), and global NPI score (p < 0.0001). Higher openness was associated with lower affective symptoms evolution (p = 0.01). A significant relationship was found between higher extraversion, lower affective symptoms (p = 0.02), and higher behavioral dyscontrol (p = 0.04). Conclusion:The present analysis suggests that premorbid personality may influence the evolution of BPS in prodromal or mild AD. Given these results, it seems important to give more importance to personality assessment in early AD, in order to better identify and manage patients at risk of adverse behavioral changes.

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, behavior, dementia, neuropsychiatry

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-190183

Journal: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 69, no. 4, pp. 1099-1108, 2019