Different Abnormalities of Cortical Neural Synchronization Mechanisms in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment due to Alzheimer’s and Chronic Kidney Diseases: An EEG Study

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Lizio, Roberta^{a; 1} | Babiloni, Claudio^{a; b; 1; *} | Del Percio, Claudio^c | Losurdo, Antonia^d | Vernò, Lucia^d | De Tommaso, Marina^e | Montemurno, Anna^e | Dalfino, Giuseppe^d | Cirillo, Pietro^d | Soricelli, Andrea^{c; f} | Ferri, Raffaele^g | Noce, Giuseppe^c | Pascarelli, Maria Teresa^g | Catania, Valentina^g | Nobili, Flavio^h | Famá, Francesco^h | Orzi, Francescoⁱ | Giubilei, Francoⁱ | Buttinelli, Carlaⁱ | Triggiani, A. Ivano^j | Frisoni, Giovanni B.^{k; l} | Scisci, Anna Maria^d | Mastrofilippo, Nicola^d | Procaccini, Deni Aldo^d | Gesualdo, Loreto^d

Affiliations: [a] Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy | [b] Institute for Research and Medical Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy | [c] IRCCS SDN, Napoli, Italy | [d] Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation - Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Aldo Moro University of Bari, Bari, Italy | [e] Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and the Sensory System (SMBNOS), Neurophysiopathology of Pain Unit, Aldo Moro University of Bari, Bari, Italy | [f] Department of Motor Sciences and Healthiness, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy | [g] Oasi Research Institute - IRCCS, Troina, Italy | [h] IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy - Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Oftalmologia, Genetica, Riabilitazione e Scienze Materno-infantili (DiNOGMI), Università di Genova, Italy | [i] Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy | [j] Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy | [k] Laboratory of Alzheimer’s Neuroimaging and Epidemiology, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy | [l] Memory Clinic and LANVIE - Laboratory of Neuroimaging of Aging, University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland

Correspondence: [*] Correspondence to: Prof. Claudio Babiloni, PhD, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy. Tel.: +39 0649910989; Email: [email protected].

Note: [1] These authors contributed equally to this work.

Abstract: This study tested whether resting state alpha rhythms (8–13 Hz) may characterize mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer’s disease (ADMCI) compared with MCI due to chronic kidney disease (CKDMCI). Clinical and resting state eyes-closed electroencephalographic (rsEEG) rhythms from 40 ADMCI, 29 CKDMCI, and 45 cognitively normal elderly (Nold) subjects were available in a national archive. Age, gender, and education were matched in the three groups, and Mini-Mental State Evaluation (MMSE) score was paired in the ADMCI and CKDMCI groups. Delta (<4 Hz), theta (4–8 Hz), alpha 1 (8–10.5 Hz), alpha 2 (10.5–13 Hz), beta 1 (13–20 Hz), beta 2 (20–30 Hz), and gamma (30–40 Hz) cortical sources were estimated by eLORETA freeware and classified across individuals by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROCC). Compared with Nold group, posterior alpha 1 source activities were more reduced in ADMCI than CKDMCI group. In contrast, widespread delta source activities were greater in CKDMCI than ADMCI group. These source activities correlated with the MMSE score and correctly classified between Nold and all MCI individuals (AUROCC = 0.8–0.85) and between ADMCI and CKDMCI subjects (AUROCC = 0.75). These results suggest that early AD affects cortical neural synchronization at alpha frequencies underpinning brain arousal and low vigilance in the quiet wakefulness. In contrast, CKD may principally affect cortical neural synchronization at the delta frequencies. Future prospective cross-validation studies will have to test these candidate rsEEG markers for clinical applications and drug discovery.

Keywords: Exact low resolution brain electromagnetic source tomography (eLORETA), mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer’s disease (ADMCI), mild cognitive impairment due to chronic kidney disease (CKDMCI), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, resting state electroencephalographic (rsEEG) rhythms

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-180245

Journal: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 65, no. 3, pp. 897-915, 2018