Abnormalities of Cortical Neural Synchronization Mechanisms in Subjects with Mild Cognitive Impairment due to Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Diseases: An EEG Study

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Babiloni, Claudio^{a; b; *} | Del Percio, Claudio^c | Lizio, Roberta^{a; b} | Noce, Giuseppe^c | Cordone, Susanna^a | Lopez, Susanna^a | Soricelli, Andrea^{c; d} | Ferri, Raffaele^e | Pascarelli, Maria Teresa^e | Nobili, Flavio^f | Arnaldi, Dario^f | Famà, Francesco^f | Aarsland, Dag^g | Orzi, Francesco^h | Buttinelli, Carla^h | Giubilei, Franco^h | Onofrj, Marcoⁱ | Stocchi, Fabrizio^b | Stirpe, Paola^b | Fuhr, Peter^j | Gschwandtner, Ute^j | Ransmayr, Gerhard^k | Caravias, Georg^k | Garn, Heinrich^l | Sorpresi, Fabiola^m | Pievani, Michelaⁿ | D’Antonio, Fabrizia^o | De Lena, Carlo^o | Güntekin, Bahar^p | Hanoğlu, Lutfu^q | Başar, Erol^r | Yener, Görsev^s | Emek-Savaş, Derya Durusu^s | Triggiani, Antonio Ivano^t | Franciotti, Raffaellaⁱ | Frisoni, Giovanni B.^{n; u} | Bonanni, Lauraⁱ | De Pandis, Maria Francesca^m

Affiliations: [a] Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy | [b] Institute for Research and Medical Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy | [c] Department of Integrated Imaging, IRCCS SDN, Naples, Italy | [d] Department of Motor Sciences and Healthiness, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy | [e] Department of Neurology, IRCCS Oasi Institute for Research on Mental Retardation and Brain Aging, Troina, Enna, Italy | [f] Clinical Neurology, dept of Neuroscience (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa and IRCCS AOU S Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy | [g] Department of Old Age Psychiatry, King’s College University, London, UK | [h] Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy | [i] Department of Neuroscience Imaging and Clinical Sciences and CESI, University G d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy | [j] Universitätsspital Basel, Abteilung Neurophysiologie, Basel, Switzerland | [k] Department of Neurology and Psychiatry and Faculty of Medicine, Johannes Kepler University Linz, General Hospital of the City of Linz, Linz, Austria | [l] AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Vienna, Austria | [m] Hospital San Raffaele of Cassino, Italy | [n] Laboratory of Alzheimer’s Neuroimaging and Epidemiology, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy | [o] Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza, University of Rome, Italy | [p] Department of Biophysics, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey | [q] Department of Neurology, University of Istanbul-Medipol, Istanbul, Turkey | [r] Department of Neurosciences and Department of Neurology, Dokuz Eylül University Medical School, Izmir, Turkey | [s] Department of Psychology and Department of Neurosciences, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey | [t] Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy | [u] Memory Clinic and LANVIE - Laboratory of Neuroimaging of Aging, University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland

Correspondence: [*] Correspondence to: Prof. Claudio Babiloni, PhD, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy. Tel.: +39 0649910989; E-mail: [email protected].

Abstract: The aim of this retrospective and exploratory study was that the cortical sources of resting state eyes-closed electroencephalographic (rsEEG) rhythms might reveal different abnormalities in cortical neural synchronization in groups of patients with mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer’s disease (ADMCI) and Parkinson’s disease (PDMCI) as compared to healthy subjects. Clinical and rsEEG data of 75 ADMCI, 75 PDMCI, and 75 cognitively normal elderly (Nold) subjects were available in an international archive. Age, gender, and education were carefully matched in the three groups. The Mini-Mental State Evaluation (MMSE) was matched between the ADMCI and PDMCI groups. Individual alpha frequency peak (IAF) was used to determine the delta, theta, alpha1, alpha2, and alpha3 frequency band ranges. Fixed beta1, beta2, and gamma bands were also considered. eLORETA estimated the rsEEG cortical sources. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) classified these sources across individuals. Results showed that compared to the Nold group, the posterior alpha2 and alpha3 source activities were more abnormal in the ADMCI than the PDMCI group, while the parietal delta source activities were more abnormal in the PDMCI than the ADMCI group. The parietal delta and alpha sources correlated with MMSE score and correctly classified the Nold and diseased individuals (area under the ROC = 0.77–0.79). In conclusion, the PDMCI and ADMCI patients showed different features of cortical neural synchronization at delta and alpha frequencies underpinning brain arousal and vigilance in the quiet wakefulness. Future prospective cross-validation studies will have to test these rsEEG markers for clinical applications and drug discovery.

Keywords: Exact low resolution brain electromagnetic source tomography, mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer’s disease, mild cognitive impairment due to Parkinson’s disease, receiver operating characteristic curve, resting state electroencephalographic rhythms

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-160883

Journal: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 59, no. 1, pp. 339-358, 2017