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Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for Detection of Early Alzheimer's Disease

Issue title: Imaging the Alzheimer Brain

Guest editors: J. Wesson Ashford, Allyson Rosen, Maheen Adamson, Peter Bayley, Osama Sabri, Ansgar Furst, Sandra E. Black and Michael Weiner

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Westman, Ericb; c; * | Wahlund, Lars-Olofa | Foy, Catherineb | Poppe, Michaelab | Cooper, Allisonb | Murphy, Declanb | Spenger, Christiand | Lovestone, Simonb | Simmons, Andrewb; c

Affiliations: [a] Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Section of Clinical Geriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden | [b] NIHR Specialist Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London and the MRC Centre for Neurodegeneration, Kings College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK | [c] Department of Neuroimaging, Kings College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK | [d] Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

Correspondence: [*] Correspondence to: Eric Westman, PhD, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, Novum, Plan 4, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden. Tel.: +46 73 655 5179; Fax: +46 8 517 761 11. E-mail: [email protected].

Keywords: MRS, MRI, OPLS, AD, multivariate analysis

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-2011-0028

Journal: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 26, no. s3, pp. 307-319, 2011

Published: 4 October 2011
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Abstract

Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of neurodegenerative disorder and early detection is of great importance if new therapies are to be effectively administered. We have investigated whether the discrimination between early Alzheimer's disease (AD) and elderly healthy control subjects can be improved by adding magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) measures to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures. In this study 30 AD patients and 36 control subjects were included. High resolution T1-weighted axial magnetic resonance images were obtained from each subject. Automated regional volume segmentation and cortical thickness measures were determined for the images. 1H MRS was acquired from the hippocampus and LCModel was used for metabolic quantification. Altogether, this yielded 58 different volumetric, cortical thickness and metabolite ratio variables which were used for multivariate analysis to distinguish between subjects with AD and Healthy controls. Combining MRI and MRS measures resulted in a sensitivity of 97% and a specificity of 94% compared to using MRI or MRS measures alone (sensitivity: 87%, 76%, specificity: 86%, 83% respectively). Adding the MRS measures to the MRI measures more than doubled the positive likelihood ratio from 6 to 17. Adding MRS measures to a multivariate analysis of MRI measures resulted in significantly better classification than using MRI measures alone. The method shows strong potential for discriminating between Alzheimer's disease and controls.

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