Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism - Volume 5, issue 2

Authors: Ramdani, Noureddine | Vanderpas, Jean | Boutayeb, Abdeslam | Meziane, Abdelouafi | Hassani, Benyounès | Zoheir, Jaouhar | Legssyer, Abdelkhaleq | Aziz, Mohammed | Mekhfi, Hassane | Bnouham, Mohammed | Ziyyat, Abderrahim

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The objective of this research is to describe the current situation (frequencies) of obesity and diabetes mellitus (DM) and their relationship in Oujda capital of eastern Morocco and its regions, and to investigate the influences of milieu, sex and age. A sample of 1,628 individuals at least 40 years old was formed by voluntary participation using convenience sampling through 26 campaigns in urban and rural areas in late 2008. The proportion in the total sample was globally 10.2% for DM, 8.1% for impaired fasting glucose (IFG), 25.1% for obesity and 40.3% for overweight. The relative frequency of DM was slightly …higher in women than in men (10.7% vs. 9.3%, not significant (NS)); for IFG it was respectively 8.7% versus 7.01% (NS). The relative frequency of DM was 1.34 times higher in urban (10.9%) than in rural areas (7.9%, P < 0.05). It was also more elevated in obese subjects (15.9%) than in normal ones (9.7%, P < 0.001). Obesity proportion was markedly greater in women (32.7%) than in men (11.5%, P < 0.001). Obesity and overweight were more frequent in urban populations than in rural ones. In conclusion, our results show an alarming increasing trend in the current situation and frequencies of DM, obesity and overweight in the capital of eastern Morocco and its regions, especially for women in urban area. Show more

Keywords: Diabetes, Impaired fasting glucose, Obesity, Overweight, Eastern Morocco

DOI: 10.3233/s12349-011-0087-2

Citation: Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 149-155, 2012

Authors: Soualem, A. | Ahami, A. O. T. | Aboussaleh, Y. | Elbouhali, B. | Bonthoux, F.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Adolescence is a period of gradual transition from childhood to adulthood. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of being overweight and to study the impact of environmental factors in Morocco in a sample of 190 schoolchildren aged 12–16 years from five schools in the Kenitra urban area. Anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were made. Two groups were distinguished through the use of a test of food quality. Anthropometric information revealed that the prevalence of being overweight in the sample was 9.7%. This study also revealed that blood pressure increased with body mass index (r2 = …0.41 for systolic and r2 = 0.37 for diastolic blood pressure). Statistical analyses suggested that adolescents' eating behavior was influenced by educational level and father's working status, income of households, as well as language spoken at home (odds ratio = 3.62, 2.55, 2.63 and 2.51, respectively; CI = [1.81–7.19], [1.24–5.24], [1.39–4.97], [1.2–5.28]). To correct these eating dysfunctions, a nutritional education strategy during early adolescence seems essential. This strategy will stress the spontaneous consumption of green vegetables and fresh fruits, which cannot be carried out without the implication of the family environment. Show more

Keywords: Malnutrition, Food behavior, Adolescent, Overweight

DOI: 10.3233/s12349-012-0089-8

Citation: Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 157-161, 2012

Authors: Nematy, Mohsen | Mohajeri, Seyed Amir Reza | Moghadam, Shirin Amiri | Safarian, Mohammad | Norouzy, Abdolreza | Parizadeh, Seyed Mohammad Reza | Azarpazhooh, Mahmoud Reza | Siadat, Zahra | Gharbi, Nasim Shahsavan | Mobarhan, Majid Ghayour

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Previous researches have shown that the nutritional status of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) was poor on admission and appears to decline during their stay in the ICU. Critically ill patients are prone to malnutrition because their hypermetabolic disorders lead to an increase in nutritional requirements that are not often met with the nutrition supplied. The aim of this study was to assess the nutritional status and hs-CRP of ICU patients on admission and discharge from the hospital. Twenty-nine neurological ICU patients (20–87 years old) underwent fasting blood sample collections, anthropometric measurements and impedance analysis on admission and …discharge at Ghaem Teaching Hospital. NRS 2002 was used to determine malnutrition in ICU patients. Markers of nutritional status changed from admission into the ICU until discharge as follows: weight, BMI and triceps skinfold thickness decreased (p < 0.001, p < 0.001 and p < 0.005, respectively). hs-CRP was decreased over the stay in the hospital (admission = 19.4 ± 16.3, discharge = 13.8 ± 14.5, p value = 0.11). The percent of patients at risk of malnutrition decreased during stay in ICU (not significant). Prevalence of malnutrition was as high as 47.6% on admission. The nutritional status of patients was slightly improved over the period of their stay in hospital using NRS 2002 method. Show more

Keywords: Intensive care unit, NRS 2002, hs-CRP

DOI: 10.3233/s12349-011-0071-x

Citation: Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 163-168, 2012

Authors: Spiti, Roberta | Lanzi, Paola | Braggiotti, Silvana | Noè, Donatella

Article Type: Short Communication

Abstract: We have analysed group therapy efficacy in weight loss of obese outpatients, non responders to previous hypocaloric treatments. The results we have obtained during the last 8 years have been compared to those reported in literature, to our previous observations and to results obtained in a group of obese outpatients in traditional diet-therapy. The mean weight loss in patients followed for 6 months with group therapy was 5.5% of the initial weight (IW); 48.5% of them lost more than 5% and 13% lost more than 10% of IW. The results obtained in a traditional treated group were a little better: …mean weight loss was −6.6%, 61% lost more than 5% and 22% more than 10% of IW. So, in our opinion, group therapy can be usefully applied only in selected patients (i.e. older in age/non-responders to traditional treatments), where it might have a possible role as a more cost-effective treatment. Show more

Keywords: Obesity, Group therapy

DOI: 10.3233/s12349-012-0093-z

Citation: Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 169-172, 2012