Journal of Pediatric Neuroradiology - Volume 3, issue 3
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Journal of Pediatric Neuroradiology is an English multidisciplinary peer-reviewed international journal providing a forum for the publication of papers on all topics related to child neuroradiology including diagnostic, functional and therapeutic imaging of the brain, head, neck, spine; congenital central nervous system malformations; pediatric ophthalmologic and otorhinolaryngologic imaging.
The
Journal of Pediatric Neuroradiology provides an in-depth update on new subjects, and current comprehensive coverage of the latest techniques in neuroradiological diagnosis and treatment in childhood.
Journal of Pediatric Neuroradiology encourages submissions from all authors throughout the world.
The following articles will be considered for publication: editorials, original and review articles, short report, rapid communications, case reports, letters to the editor, and book reviews. The aim of the journal is to share and disseminate knowledge between all disciplines that work in the field of child neuroradiology.
Abstract: This article presents pearls in interpretation of pediatric shunt computed tomography with emphasis on the utility of multi-detector computed tomography (CT) reformatted and three-dimensional (3D) surface reconstructions.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to objectively verify and study a bright magnetic resonance imaging T2 signal that was qualitatively observed in the anterior cingulate region in children with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). We performed a retrospective study in children with the cingulate imaging sign with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements in the anterior and posterior cingulate region, as well as in a reference region in the vitreous. There were 18 NF1 patients and 18 matched controls age 2–14 yr in whom ADC measurements were performed. We found significantly higher ADC values in NF1 patients in the visibly abnormal…anterior cingulate, but also in the normal appearing posterior cingulate regions (p < 0.00001). Major considerations to explain the high ADC values include vasogenic edema and abnormal myelination. Given its location in the cingulate, our observed magnetic resonance imaging sign may bear relevance to cognitive symptoms in NF1 patients and warrants further investigation with correlating studies.
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Keywords: Cingulate, neurofibromatosis type 1, apparent diffusion coefficient
Abstract: A 20-year-old primigravida with no antenatal care presented to the Obstetric outpatient department at 37 wk completed gestational age. Antenatal ultrasound demonstrated isolated gross fetal ventriculomegaly with absent septum pellucidum. Adduction deformity was present in both thumbs. He had tumultuous post natal life with seizures from 2 h of life, recurrent apnea and death at 72 h of age. Postnatal computed tomography showed hydrocephalus due to aqueductal stenosis and absent septum pellucidum. The clinical and radiological features were consistent with the diagnosis of Bickers-Adams syndrome.
Abstract: Our understanding of idiopathic intracranial hypertension is still evolving. Its management is challenging and venous sinus stenting has been reported an alternative to cerebrospinal fluid diversion in adult patients with underlying venous sinus stenosis. Out of very few patients reported with venous sinus stenting in the literature, only one has been an adolescent. We report a case of a 2-year-old with idiopathic intracranial hypertension successfully treated with transverse sinus stenting with good outcome. Venous sinus stenting is a safe treatment option in the management of refractory idiopathic intracranial hypertension even in young children. We present the youngest patient to have…successfully undergone this treatment.
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Keywords: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension, venous sinus stenting, pediatric age
Abstract: In infants with unilateral congenital glaucoma, orbitotemporal neurofibromatosis should be included in the differential diagnosis. We present an unusual case of neurofibromatosis type-1 with unilateral congenital glaucoma, buphthalmos and spheno-orbital dysplasia. The neuroimaging features are discussed. Presence of all the syndromic features at 6 months of life have rarely been described in the literature.
Abstract: Pituitary duplication is a rare malformation, with only a few previously reported cases. It occurs most commonly in association with other complex midline craniofacial abnormalities. We present the imaging findings of a 1-year-old girl who has been diagnosed coincidentally by magnetic resonance imaging with an isolated pituitary gland duplication but no other major craniofacial malformations.
Abstract: Arteriopathy is the leading cause of acute ischemic stroke in children and young adults, with intracranial arterial dissection (IAD) and transient cerebral arteriopathy (TCA) most commonly reported. The etiology and pathophysiology of childhood cerebral arteriopathies are not completely understood. The diagnosis is mainly based on clinical presentation and neuroimaging findings with considerable overlapping and discrepancy between diagnoses. We report the case of a young man who presented with an acute right basal ganglia infarct, and was found to have a focal cerebral arteriopathy of the intracranial right internal carotid artery that fluctuated clinically but resolved in four weeks with conservative…management. The diagnoses of IAD and TCA were considered. We review and discuss the literature and the difficulties with the current terminology and classifications. In order to better understand the natural history and management there is a need to standardize the terminology and classifications of cerebral arteriopathies of the children and young adults.
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Keywords: Young adult, stroke, cerebral arteriopathy, arterial dissection