Journal of Pediatric Neurology - Volume 5, issue 1

Authors: Kumar, Raj | Giri, Pramod | Kumari, Niraj | Kalra, Samir K.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Malignant rhabdoid tumors of the brain are extremely malignant, highly aggressive neoplasms found in infants and young children. These are rare and not associated with renal neoplasm as believed earlier. We report three cases of malignant rhabdoid tumors with reference to their clinicoradiological aspect and fatal outcome despite a multimodality approach of management (aggressive surgical resection and chemoradiotherapy). The first case was a two and one half-year-old girl who presented with seizures, raised intracranial …pressure and right hemiparesis. Contrast magnetic resonance imaging showed a huge heterointense tumor of the left hemisphere, which was a soft, suckable, and very vascular, infiltrative mass with areas of necrosis. Postoperatively, the girl had a difficult course with multiple metastases detected on the 45th day and death on the 52nd day post diagnosis. The second patient was admitted with large and infiltrative posterior fossa mass that required ventilatory support in postoperative period for 3 weeks until his death. The third patient was operated for a large, vascular and friable mass of the temporal lobe, which recurred in 5 weeks. He was offered chemoradiotherapy but the length of his life was only 8 months. Show more

Keywords: Malignant, rhabdoid tumor, multimodality, recurrence

Citation: Journal of Pediatric Neurology, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 61-66, 2007

Authors: Batra, Anil | Mishra, Devendra

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Meningitis is a medical emergency and lumbar puncture in a child with seizures and fever is crucial for guiding further management. However, seizures themselves occasionally alter the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), making it difficult to interpret the CSF findings. Postictal pleocytosis is one such phenomenon that confuses the interpretation of CSF analysis. In areas with limited availability of investigative facilities, meningitis cannot be definitively ruled out and a diagnosis of postictal pleocytosis remains just a …clinical suspicion. Show more

Keywords: Cerebrospinal fluid analysis, lumbar puncture, meningitis

Citation: Journal of Pediatric Neurology, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 67-69, 2007

Authors: Per, Hüseyin | Kumandaş, Sefer | Gümüş, Hakan | Konuşkan, Bahadır | Öztürk, Mustafa Kürşad

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Salmonella typhi is a Gram-negative, motile aerobic bacillus with non-encapsulated, non-sporulating rods from the Enterobacteriaceae family. Salmonella can localize in any organ or tissue. Focal intracranial infections caused by Salmonella species are uncommon manifestations of salmonellosis in developed countries and are often associated with diarrheal diseases and malnutrition. Salmonella meningitis is a serious disease that could lead to death and damage in infants. We report a case of a 4-month-old infant with …meningitis and subdural empyema caused by Salmonella typhi. Management included treatment with neurosurgical drainage and a prolonged course of antibiotics. Show more

Keywords: Salmonella, meningitis, subdural empyema

Citation: Journal of Pediatric Neurology, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 71-74, 2007

Authors: Al-Mosawi, Aamir Jalal

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The oculocerebrorenal syndrome (OCRS) is a rare hereditary disorder characterized by ocular and cerebral defects, hypotonia, hyporeflexia and renal dysfunction. The aim of this study is to report the phenotype OCRS in four Iraqi children. From 1994 to 2005, four patients (two boys and two girls) with OCRS phenotype were observed at Al-Kadhimiyia University Hospital. All described cases had congenital cataract(s), hypotonia and hyporeflexia and renal dysfunction. It was possible to study and follow three of …them for several months, while the fourth case was observed only twice and then lost to follow up. Ocular manifestations in the three cases were in the form of cataract and glaucoma; one boy had immature cataracts not affecting the vision, and bilateral congenital chorioretinal hypoplasia. Two boys had nystagmus during infancy, which was undetectable at time of referral of one case. All the patients had hypotonia and hyporeflexia, which developed after 3 years in one girl. Three patients had global developmental delay; however, intelligence and language was well developed in one girl. All the children had end stage renal failure with evidence of glomerular defect. None had any renal tubular dysfunction or Fanconi syndrome. Uremia was the cause of death in the three cases followed up during their first decade. Congenital chorioretinal hypoplasia, which had never been described in OCRS, was present in one among our cases. Show more

Keywords: Oculocerebrorenal, lowe syndrome, Iraqi children

Citation: Journal of Pediatric Neurology, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 75-78, 2007

Authors: Kumar, Raj

Article Type: Other

Citation: Journal of Pediatric Neurology, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 79-81, 2007

Article Type: Other

Citation: Journal of Pediatric Neurology, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 83-85, 2007