Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases - Volume 5, issue 3

Authors: Azaran, Benjamin | Puliyanda, Dechu | Ulm, J. Wes | Equils, Ozlem

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Acinetobacter is an uncommon cause of serious infection in healthy individuals. Here we describe a case of Acinetobacter bacteremia in a 5-year-old kidney transplant patient following a hamster bite. Although most Acinetobacter infections occur following soil contamination of wounds, the organism is a natural constituent of oral flora in many animals, and can thus pose a risk to immunocompromised pet owners. Systemic Acinetobacter infection should therefore be considered in the differential diagnosis of …febrile infections in immunocompromised children who are exposed to pets. Show more

Keywords: Acinetobacter, hamster, immune-compromise, kidney transplant, animal bite, infection, pet ownership and child

DOI: 10.3233/JPI-2010-0252

Citation: Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 281-284, 2010

Authors: Jegede, Olugbemiga E. | Abuhammour, Walid | Hasan, Rashed

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: We report Stenotrophomonas maltophilia as a cause of Gradenigo's syndrome, a rare complication of suppurative otitis media (OM). The clinical triad of sixth nerve palsy, OM and pain in the distribution of trigeminal nerve constitute the diagnosis of Gradenigo's syndrome. Common organisms that have been recovered include; Group A Streptococcus, Pneumococcus, Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Mycobacterium tuberculosis}. Our aim is to report the first case of Gradenigo's syndrome caused …by S. maltophilia}, an aerobic, non-fermentative, Gram-negative bacterium which causes uncommon but difficult to treat infections in humans. Rare pathogens such as S. maltophilia should be included in the differential diagnosis of organisms causing complicated non-responding OM even if the host is immunocompetent. Show more

Keywords: S. maltophilia, Gradenigo's syndrome, otitis media

DOI: 10.3233/JPI-2010-0250

Citation: Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 285-288, 2010

Authors: Nakajima-Kawakami, Yasuko | Okumura, Akihisa | Yamashita, Shintaro | Mori, Mari | Ishikawa, Akimichi | Sameshima, Kiyoko | Shimizu, Toshiaki

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: A patient had recurrent pyrexia since 17 days of age followed by convulsions. At 20 days of age, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed mild pleocytosis, whereas bacterial culture of blood and CSF was negative and computed tomography was unremarkable. Campylobacter fetus grew from CSF sampled at 22 days of age and head computed tomography revealed low-density area in the left frontal lobe. The patient was diagnosed as having focal cerebritis and treated with intravenous ampicillin and …cefotaxime successfully. Although West syndrome developed at 4 months of age, his psychomotor development was within normal range. Our patient shows that neonatal C. fetus infection can cause focal cerebritis. Show more

Keywords: Campylobacter fetus, cerebritis, newborn

DOI: 10.3233/JPI-2010-0257

Citation: Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 289-292, 2010

Authors: Ghanaie, Roxana Mansour | Karimi, Abdollah | Fahimzad, Alireza | Armin, Shahnaz | Shiva, Farideh

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Herein we describe a previously healthy 3-year-old boy with chronic dacryocystitis. Deep biopsy from lesion showed chronic granulomatous inflammation with few branching mycelium in microscopic examination and Aspergillus flavus growth from its culture. In the neutropenic or otherwise immunocompromised patients, a high index of suspicion must be maintained to prevent rapidly progressive infection with Aspergillus. We could not find any predisposing factors in our patient.

Keywords: Dacryocystitis, Aspergillus flavus, fungal infection

DOI: 10.3233/JPI-2010-0247

Citation: Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 293-296, 2010

Authors: Bhat, Ramesh Y. | Swaminathan, Nithya | Vandana, Kalwaje E.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The common bacterial causes of neonatal meningitis are group B Streptococcus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella and Listeria. Meningitis due to Alcaligenes in neonates is exceptional. Difficulties in its diagnosis and treatment with high mortality have been scarcely reported. We describe meningitis in a neonate due to multidrug resistant Alcaligenes. With sensitive antibiotic therapy, the neonate has survived but found to have severe neurological sequelae on follow up.

Keywords: Neonate, meningitis, Alcaligenes

DOI: 10.3233/JPI-2010-0255

Citation: Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 297-298, 2010

Authors: Mori, Toshihiko | Morii, Mayuko | Fujinaga, Emiko | Kuroiwa, Yuki | Hotsubo, Tomoyuki | Fuse, Shigeto | Inoue, Masayuki | Tsutsumi, Hiroyuki

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Pyogenic sacroiliitis is a relatively rare cause of hip pain and fever. Psoas muscle abscess complicating pyogenic sacroiliitis, has been reported in some cases; however, piriformis muscle abscess causing sacroiliitis has never been described. We report a 14-year-old girl who developed a piriformis muscle abscess associated with pyogenic sacroiliitis due to methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus.

Keywords: Pyogenic sacroiliitis, piriformis abscess, magnetic resonance imaging, drainage

DOI: 10.3233/JPI-2010-0253

Citation: Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 299-302, 2010

Authors: Bhat, Ramesh Y. | Rao, Ashutosh

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Candida arthritis is uncommon in neonates. We report a low birth weight neonate who developed septic arthritis of the left hip joint following a stormy course in the early neonatal period. Ultrasonography of the affected hip joint favored the diagnosis. Arthrotomy yielded 3 mL of pus, which grew Candida albicans. Treatment with fluconazole for six weeks resulted in complete recovery.

Keywords: Arthritis, candida, neonate, fluconazole

DOI: 10.3233/JPI-2010-0259

Citation: Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 303-304, 2010

Authors: Connelly, Scott V. | Seed, Patrick C.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Multifocal bone marrow disease due to Bartonella henselae is rare and is typically accompanied by osteolytic disease. A 10-year-old female presented with advanced disease, including prolonged fever, back pain, and radiographic multifocal pelvic bone marrow enhancement without osteolysis. Acute and convalescent serology supported the diagnosis of B. henselae infection. However, bone marrow aspirates lacked granulomas and inflammatory infiltrate. The patient fully recovered without specific antimicrobial therapy. B. henselae produces a fever and …pain syndrome with multifocal bone marrow enhancement in the absence of osteolytic lesions. Show more

Keywords: Bartonella henselae, osteomyelitis, bone marrow enhancement, children, fever of unknown origin

DOI: 10.3233/JPI-2010-0260

Citation: Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 305-308, 2010