Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems - Volume 40, issue 1

Authors: Zhang, Gangqiang | Li, Zhaowen | Zhang, Pengfei | Xie, Ningxin

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: An information system as a database that stands for relationships between objects and attributes is an important mathematical model. An image information system is an information system where each of its information values is an image and its information structures embody internal features of this type of information system. Uncertainty measurement is an effective tool for evaluation. This paper explores measures of uncertainty for an information system by using the proposed information structures. The distance between two objects in an image information system is first given. After that, the fuzzy T cos -equivalence relation, induced by this system by …using Gaussian kernel method, is obtained, where Gaussian kernel is based on this distance. Next, information structures of this system are described by set vectors, dependence between information structures is studied and properties of information structures are given by using inclusion degree, and application for information structures and uncertainty measures of an image information system are investigated by the information structures. Moreover, effectiveness analysis is done to show the feasibility of the proposed measures from the angle of statistics. Finally, an application of the proposed measurement for attribute reduction is given. These results will be helpful for understanding the essence of uncertainty in an image information system. Show more

Keywords: Granular computing, image information system, distance, information structure, dependence, inclusion degree, uncertainty, measure

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-191628

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 295-317, 2021

Authors: Ma, Rufei | Liu, Shousheng | Xu, Zeshui | Lei, Qian

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Intuitionistic fuzzy number (IFN) is an effective tool for dealing with the uncertain information, and it has been applied to various fields. According to IFNs, the intuitionistic fuzzy calculus has been developed, which can effectively integrate the continuous uncertain information. Series in intuitionistic fuzzy environment is a part of the intuitionistic fuzzy calculus theory, of which core idea is limit. However, the order used in the existing limit theory is not the one used in intuitionistic fuzzy calculus, causing the separation of the limit theory and intuitionistic fuzzy calculus. Thus, series in intuitionistic fuzzy environment is not closely related to …the intuitionistic fuzzy calculus. In order to solve the above problem, we construct the related theories. There are mainly the following three aspects: (1) the limit theory including the sequence limit and the function limit is studied based on the new order. (2) we re-examine the numerical series according to the new tool of researching IFNs: the basis and the coordinates. (3) we discuss the function series and put forward the uniform convergence in intuitionistic fuzzy environment. Show more

Keywords: Intuitionistic fuzzy number (IFN), intuitionistic fuzzy calculus, complementary operation, limit, series, uniform convergence

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-191679

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 319-330, 2021

Authors: Jia, Dongyao | Zhang, Chuanwang | Lv, Dandan

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BP (Back Propagation) neural network has been widely applied for classification tasks including road condition evaluation, however, BP model has the problem of lower accuracy and slow convergence rate. A novel road condition evaluation method based on BA-BP (Bat-Back Propagation) algorithm is proposed for the unstructured small road condition evaluation, which filled the vacancy of specific small road scenes. Firstly, five kinds of road condition features including roughness, curvature, obstacle width to height ratio, obstacle effective area ratio, obstacle coefficient are defined and extracted. Then obstacles from region of interest (ROI) in front of the vehicle are analyzed. Finally, Bat …algorithm is used to optimize the searching of initial network weights and thresholds, which obtained a higher accuracy of 95.15% and efficient training process. Comparison experiments showed that the proposed approach improved the accuracy with 5.31%, 3.32%, 3.17% than the BP, GA-BP and FA-BP model, respectively. As for the processing time of collected road data, BA-BP network consumed less time of 2 s and 3.9 s compared with GA-BP and FA-BP. Proposed method also outperformed than most of the state-of-the-art approaches with higher accuracy and simpler hardware environments, which proved its potential of being popularized in large scale real-time systems. Show more

Keywords: Road condition evaluation, BP neural network, Bat algorithm, adjustment factor

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-191707

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 331-348, 2021

Authors: de Jesus, Junior Costa | Bottega, Jair Augusto | Cuadros, Marco Antonio de Souza Leite | Gamarra, Daniel Fernando Tello

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This article describes the use of the Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient network, a deep reinforcement learning algorithm, for mobile robot navigation. The neural network structure has as inputs laser range findings, angular and linear velocities of the robot, and position and orientation of the mobile robot with respect to a goal position. The outputs of the network will be the angular and linear velocities used as control signals for the robot. The experiments demonstrated that deep reinforcement learning’s techniques that uses continuous actions, are efficient for decision-making in a mobile robot. Nevertheless, the design of the reward functions constitutes an …important issue in the performance of deep reinforcement learning algorithms. In order to show the performance of the Deep Reinforcement Learning algorithm, we have applied successfully the proposed architecture in simulated environments and in experiments with a real robot. Show more

Keywords: Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient, Deep Reinforcement Learning, Navigation for Mobile Robots

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-191711

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 349-361, 2021

Authors: Guo, Yanju | Shen, Huan | Chen, Lei | Liu, Yu | Kang, Zhilong

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) is a relatively novel algorithm in the field of meta-heuristic algorithms. WOA can reveal an efficient performance compared with other well-established optimization algorithms, but there is still a problem of premature convergence and easy to fall into local optimal in complex multimodal functions, so this paper presents an improved WOA, and proposes the random hopping update strategy and random control parameter strategy to improve the exploration and exploitation ability of WOA. In this paper, 24 well-known benchmark functions are used to test the algorithm, including 10 unimodal functions and 14 multimodal functions. The experimental results show …that the convergence accuracy of the proposed algorithm is better than that of the original algorithm on 21 functions, and better than that of the other 5 algorithms on 23 functions. Show more

Keywords: Whale optimization algorithm, Meta-heuristic, Function optimization, Random hopping update, Random control parameter

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-191747

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 363-379, 2021

Authors: Wang, Weiwei | Zhou, Haiwei | Guo, Lidan

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The emergency supply of transboundary water resources is a prominent problem affecting the social and economic development of basin countries. However, current water supply decisions on transboundary water resources may ignore the psychological perception of multi-stakeholders, and the evolution of emergencies increases the uncertainty of decision making. Both factors would lead to the low acceptance of water-related decisions. Utility satisfaction, perceived losses, and quantity satisfaction were selected in this paper to identify the perceived satisfaction of upstream governments, downstream governments, and the public, respectively, over multiple decision-making stages. A modeling framework combining prospect theory and the multi-stage multi-objective programming methodology …was then developed to measure the perceived satisfaction of different stakeholders in a watershed under emergency. A two-stage NSGA-II and TOPSIS based approach was adopted to find the optimal compromise solution to solve the model. The framework was applied in the Lancang–Mekong River basin to provide suggestions to decision makers. Upstream decision makers must choose a moderate proportional fairness degree when making emergency decisions to maximize the perceived satisfaction of all stakeholders. Meanwhile, the perceived loss of downstream countries with low water demand should be considered first in the formulation of emergency water supply plans. Furthermore, although water supply from upstream countries can improve perceived water quantity satisfaction of downstream publics, additional actions must still be taken to change the traditional concepts of the public. Show more

Keywords: Transboundary river basin, emergency water supply decision, government–public, perceived satisfaction, lancang–mekong river

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-191828

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 381-401, 2021

Authors: Khan, M. Firdouse Ali | Chellamani, Ganesh Kumar | Chandramani, Premanand Venkatesh

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Under demand response enabled demand-side management, the home energy management (HEM) schemes schedule appliances for balancing both energy and demand within a residence. This scheme enables the user to achieve either a minimum electricity bill (EB) or maximum comfort. There is always the added burden on a HEM scheme to obtain the least possible EB with comfort. However, if a time window that contains comfortable time slots of the day for an appliance operation, is identified, and if the cost-effective schedule-pattern gets generated from these windows autonomously, then the burden can be reduced. Therefore, this paper proposes a two-level method …that can assist the HEM scheme by generating a cost-effective schedule-pattern for scheduling home appliances. The first level uses a classifier to identify the comfortable time window from past ON and OFF events. The second level uses pattern generation algorithms to generate a cost-effective schedule-pattern from the identified window. The generated cost-effective schedule-pattern is applied to a HEM scheme as input to demonstrate the proposed two-level approach. The simulation results exhibit that the proposed approach helps the HEM scheme to schedule home appliances cost-effectively with a satisfactory user-comfort between 90% and 100%. Show more

Keywords: Appliance scheduling, home energy management, Naïve Bayes classifier, pattern generation algorithm, user comfort

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-191862

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 403-413, 2021

Authors: Amsaveni, A. | Bharathi, M.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This paper presents a Fractional Fourier transform based reversible data hiding technique to secure the data transmitted over communication network. The proposed algorithm modifies the cover image to improve the robustness of data hiding technique. The cover image is transformed using Fractional Fourier Transform (FrFT) into a time-frequency domain and the optimal pixel locations for hiding the secret data are found using firefly algorithm. Firefly algorithm uses multi-objective function, which is a combination of Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM) and Bit Error rate (BER). The histogram shifting technique embeds secret data in the optimal pixel locations. The quality of test …images is analyzed under varying payload as well as under varying fractional order. Experimental results conclude that this scheme produces good quality stego image. It has also been found from the simulation results that the proposed algorithm is more robust and reversible against various attacks as it provides lower bit error rate and higher normalization coefficient. Show more

Keywords: Reversible data hiding, histogram shifting, fractional fourier transform, firefly algorithm, imperceptibility, robustness, reversibility

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-191911

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 415-425, 2021

Authors: Diao, Xiaolong | Fan, Houming | Ren, Xiaoxue | Liu, Chuanying

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This paper presents one method and one hybrid genetic algorithm for multi-depot open vehicle routing problem with fuzzy time windows (MDOVRPFTW) without maximum time windows. For the method, the degree of customers’ willingness to accept goods (DCWAG) is firstly proposed, it’s one fuzzy vague and determines maximum time windows. Referring to methods to determine fuzzy membership function, the function between DCWAG and the starting service time is constructed. By setting an threshold for DCWAG, the starting service time that the threshold corresponds can be treated as the maximum time window, which meets the actual situation. The goal of the model …is to minimize the total cost. For the algorithm, MDOVRPFTW without maximum time windows is an extension of the NP-hard problem, the hybrid genetic algorithm was designed, which is combination of genetic algorithm and Hungarian algorithm. When the hybrid genetic algorithm applied to one pharmaceutical logistics company in Beijing City, China, one optimal scheme is determined. Then the rationality and the stability of solutions by the hybrid genetic algorithm are proved. Finally, sensitivity analyses are performed to investigate the impact of someone factor on DCWAG and some suggestions are proposed. Show more

Keywords: MDOVRPFTW, maximum time window, fuzzy membership function, the degree of customers’ willingness to accept goods, the hybrid genetic algorithm

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-191968

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 427-438, 2021

Authors: Yang, Hui

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In fuzzy set theory, fuzzy convex structures are important mathematical structures. In this paper, we focus on separation axioms in fuzzy convex spaces. Concretely, we introduce S 0 , S 1 and S 2 separation axioms in fuzzy convex spaces and establish their relationships. Furthermore, we investigate their hereditary and productive properties.

Keywords: Fuzzy convex structures, separation axioms, S0, S1, S2

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-192076

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 439-447, 2021