Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems - Volume 38, issue 1

Authors: Bayram, Mehmet | Akat, Muzaffer | Bulkan, Serol

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Pairs trading is a widespread market-neutral trading strategy aiming to utilize the relationship between pairs of financial instruments in efficient markets, where predictability of separate asset movements is theoretically not possible. The implication of trading pairs, following statistical analysis, is to buy the underpriced asset while short selling the overpriced. The predicted price relationship is determined through analysis of historical spread data between the members of the corresponding pair. The investor expects the price difference, in an efficient market, should converge and stocks return to their ‘fair value’, where the positions are closed and profit is realized. The main focus …of this study is the contribution of the fuzzy engine to the existing pairs trading strategy. Widespread classical ‘crisp’ technique is chosen, utilized and compared with the developed ‘fuzzy’ model throughout the paper. In order to further improve this contribution, the expert opinions extracted from the Bloomberg database are also integrated into the fuzzy decision-making process. In most studies, transaction costs are simply ignored. As a final robustness check, the transaction costs are also considered. The improvement reached by the developed fuzzy technique is observed to be even more remarkable in this case. Show more

Keywords: pairs trading, algorithmic trading, fuzzy statistical arbitrage

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-179442

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 697-707, 2020

Authors: López-Medina, M.A. | Espinilla, M. | Cleland, I. | Nugent, C. | Medina, J.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Fog Computing is an approach involving smart devices. These devices carry out data processing to provide collaborative services to reach a common goal, usually, in the cloud. In the fog computing paradigm, uncertainty and vagueness are inherent to the data processing due to the limitations of computational and communication capabilities of the smart devices. Fuzzy logic and protoforms represent a powerful tool to model and compute imprecise data presented within the fog-computing paradigm. In this paper, we present a fuzzy cloud-fog approach based on fuzzy temporal windows and fuzzy aggregation. The innovations of this paper are: i) to model the …uncertainty involved in fog nodes linguistically, ii) to compute and distribute relevant linguistic information (protoforms), and iii) to publish the computed protoforms in the cloud to generate complex protoforms, which reach the common goal. This new fuzzy cloud-fog approach is applied to the problem of activity recognition in smart homes. In this context, the smart devices in a smart home are represented by fog nodes, which cooperate for activity recognition using a fuzzy cloud-fog computing approach to provide solutions in ambient-assisted living. Finally, to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposal in handling situations/environments where multiple and heterogeneous devices are involved (such as UWB beacons, smart objects and smart wearable devices), a case study of the proposed fuzzy cloud-fog approach is implemented in the smart lab of the University of Jaén. So, the results obtained with the proposed approach in the case study are compared to the results obtained with a non-fuzzy approach with the aim of showing the advantages of the fuzzy methodology. Show more

Keywords: Fuzzy fog computing, fuzzy cloud computing, smart devices, UWB technology, activity recognition, protoforms, fuzzy temporal windows, fuzzy aggregation

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-179443

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 709-721, 2020

Authors: Yörükoğlu, Mehmet | Aydın, Serhat

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The Industrial Revolution, which started with steam machines, has evolved into intelligent systems in which objects speak to each other in the name of Industry 4.0. Smart containers (SC), which are the latest in this evolution of containers and one of the key elements of logistic in Supply Chain Management System (SCMS), stand out with their flexibility, traceability, and contribution to the optimization of the supply chain. In this paper the existing properties of the currently evolving smart containers are compiled and the users’ needs that will guide future designs are determined. In the application section, three different smart containers …are evaluated according to seven different conflicting criteria in neutrosophic environment. By using neutrosophic TOPSIS method relative closeness coefficient of alternatives are calculated. Finally alternatives are ranked in descending order. The originality of the paper is that smart containers evaluation problem is handled by the neutrosophic MCDM method for the first time in the literature. Show more

Keywords: Industry 4.0, smart container, multi criteria decision making, neutrosophic TOPSIS

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-179444

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 723-733, 2020

Authors: Labella, Álvaro | Rodríguez, Rosa M. | Martínez, Luis

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Group Decision Making (GDM) deals with decision problems in which multiple experts, with their own attitudes and knowledge, evaluate different alternatives or solutions with the aim of achieving a common solution. In such cases disagreements can appear, which might led to failed solutions. To manage such conflicts, Consensus Reaching Processes (CRPs) have been added to the GDM solving process. GDM problems under uncertainty often model uncertainty by linguistic descriptors, being most of linguistic based CRPs based on the use of single linguistic terms for modelling experts’ opinions, which cannot be expressive enough in some situations because of either the uncertainty …involved or the experts’ hesitancy. Therefore, this paper aims to fill this gap by proposing a novel consensus model dealing with GDM problems in which experts’ preferences are elicited by means of Comparative Linguistic Expressions (CLEs) based on Hesitant Fuzzy Linguistic Term Sets, which allow to model the experts’ hesitancy in a flexible way. Furthermore, CLEs are modelled by fuzzy membership functions in order to keep the fuzzy representation in the whole CRP and preserve as much information as possible. Additionally, the proposed model is implemented and integrated in an intelligent CRP support system, so-called AFRYCA 3.0 to carry out a case study about this new CRP and compare it with previous models. Show more

Keywords: group decision making, comparative linguistic expressions, hesitant fuzzy linguistic term sets, consensus reaching process

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-179445

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 735-748, 2020

Authors: Kahraman, Cengiz | Oztaysi, Başar | Cevik Onar, Sezi

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Neutrosophic sets are an extension of intuitionistic fuzzy sets, providing a new approach to uncertainty with their three components: Truth, indeterminacy, and falsity. These parameters can be assigned independently which makes their sum equal to at most three. Neutrosophic sets have been extensively employed in the new extensions of multicriteria decision making methods (MCDM) in the literature. Law firms who are business entities formed by one or more lawyers are associations of lawyers who practice law. We propose a neutrosophic analytic hierarchy process (NAHP) for comparing the performances of these law firms in this paper. The performance of law offices …is comparatively measured by the proposed NAHP. Linguistic assessments are used in this process rather than exact numerical evaluations. The illustrative problem hierarchy includes four criteria and four alternatives are given. Show more

Keywords: Single-valued neutrosophic sets, interval-valued neutrosophic sets, AHP, outsourcing, law firm, MCDM

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-179446

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 749-759, 2020

Authors: Guleria, Abhishek | Bajaj, Rakesh Kumar

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In the present communication, a new (R , S )-norm discriminant measure of Pythagorean fuzzy sets has been proposed along with its various properties. Monotonic behavior with respect to the parameters R & S and their proof of validity have also been studied. Methodologies and necessary steps of the algorithms for various decision-making problems viz. pattern recognition problem, medical diagnosis problem and multi criteria decision-making problem have been outlined on the basis of the proposed information measure. For the sake of illustration, numerical example for each case has been provided. A comparative analysis for the considered applications has …also been studied in contrast with the popular existing methodologies stating important observations and advantages. Show more

Keywords: Pythagorean fuzzy set, discriminant measure, monotonicity, pattern recognition, medical diagnosis, multiple criteria decision making

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-179447

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 761-777, 2020

Authors: Deli, Irfan

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Selecting an appropriate robot among the alternative robots is a difficult problem for decision makers, since it is complicated to express attributes as crisp numbers in multiple attribute decision making problems. Generalized trapezoidal hesitant fuzzy numbers(GTHF-numbers) can be efficiently used to estimate information in the decision making process. This paper proposes an advanced type of TOPSIS (Technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution) method, called TOPSIS method of GTHF-numbers. To do this, we introduce some novel distance measures including Hamming distance measure, Euclidean distance measure, λ -generalized distance measure, λ -generalized Hausdorff distance measure, γ -hybrid Hamming distance, …hybrid Euclidean distance and λ -generalized hybrid distance measure on GTHF-numbers. Then, we develop a novel TOPSIS method of GTHF-numbers based on introduced distance measures. Finally, we provide a real example, for an auto company which desires to select a suitable robot for its production process, based on the proposed TOPSIS method of GTHF-numbers to prove the efficiency and the applicability of the proposed method. Show more

Keywords: Hesitant fuzzy set, generalized trapezoidal hesitant fuzzy number, distance measures, TOPSIS method, multiple attribute decision making, robot selection

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-179448

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 779-793, 2020

Authors: Bashir, Zia | Abbas Malik, M.G. | Asif, Saba | Rashid, Tabasam

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In this paper, an in depth study is done on topological properties of intuitionistic fuzzy rough sets in light of different conditions like serial, strongly serial, left continuity, transitivity on intuitionistic fuzzy relations, t-norms, implicators by adopting a axiomatic approach with the ingredients of intuitionistic fuzzy logic. Numerous intuitionistic fuzzy topologies based on many different kinds of intuitionistic fuzzy relations are explored. Also, a special class of intuitionistic fuzzy relations known as T -similarity class has been studied algebraically and found interesting lattices to model real life problems for better applications of intuitionistic fuzzy rough sets.

Keywords: Intuitionistic fuzzy rough sets, intuitionistic fuzzy topologies, intuition fuzzy logic, lattices

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-179449

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 795-807, 2020

Authors: Oztaysi, Başar | Cevik Onar, Sezi | Kahraman, Cengiz

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The education system is very important for the society. In this study, we try to define and prioritize the requirements of an n online platform which can be used as a source for collecting feedback from stakeholders of an educating system. The involved stakeholders are the course content generators, teachers, students and families of the students. In the application three experts used linguistic terms to evaluate the performance indicators and the weights are calculated using Pythagorean Fuzzy Analytic Hierarch Process (AHP) Method.

Keywords: System design, fuzzy sets, pythagorean fuzzy sets, analytic hierarchy process

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-179450

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 809-819, 2020

Authors: Castillo, Oscar | Kutlu, Fatih | Atan, Özkan

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This paper proposes an intuitionistic fuzzy control method for twin rotor multi-input and multi-output (twin rotor MIMO) systems. Twin rotor MIMO systems are often used to measure the performance of control systems as they are extremely sensitive to environmental factors. The use of the intuitionistic fuzzy control method for modeling these uncertainties offers an effective way to increase the robustness of the control system to uncertainties in the structure of twin rotor MIMO systems. In this study, two intuitionistic fuzzy controllers are designed, namely for the main and tail rotors separately and then combine the outputs of these rotors. Also, …this method is compared with the classical optimal PID method in terms of stability and performance by various simulations and experiments. Show more

Keywords: Fuzzy and intuitionistic fuzzy set, intuitionistic fuzzy control, twin rotor MIMO

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-179451

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 821-833, 2020

Authors: Otay, İrem | Jaller, Miguel

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This study focuses on the evaluation of disaster risk management and response (DRMR) processes and capabilities using a multi-expert multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) framework. The proposed framework considers four sets of evaluation and performance criteria: risk knowledge and organization, risk reduction, disaster response management, and disaster response support; and 22 sub-criteria such as regulating risk management, financial management, energy, and public safety. To contend with random perception and utility, lack of information and subjectivity in the human (expert) judgment processes that could be present in expert-based models, the authors propose an interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IVIFSs) approach. IVIFSs can handle …high levels of uncertainty and define appropriate membership functions. Specifically, the proposed approach incorporates score judgement and possibility degree matrices, and estimates the local and global weights for each assessment criteria. And finally, evaluates the overall performances of the alternatives using intuitionistic fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) approach. The authors implemented the framework to the Atlantico State of Colombia, and assessed the disaster risk management and response processes for each for the State’s 23 municipalities. The authors discuss sensitivity analysis that illustrates the robustness of the results. Show more

Keywords: Disaster management, risk management, interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets, MCDM, TOPSIS

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-179452

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 835-852, 2020

Authors: Parimala, M. | Karthika, M. | Jafari, Saeid | Smarandache, Florentin | El-Atik, A.A.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract:  Neutrosophic topological space is an extension of intuitionistic topological space and each triplet set in neutrosophic topological space contains membership, indeterminacy and non-membership values. Connected set in intuitionistic topological set contains membership and non-membership values and inderterminacy have not discussed in that set. This motivates the authors to propose this novel concept called neutrosophic αψ -connectedness. So we introduce the new notion of neutrosophic αψ -connectedness in neutrosophic topological spaces and investigate some properties of neutrosophic αψ -connectedness between sets and subsets of two sets. Some properties of this concept presented with numerical quantities to prove the non-existence.

Keywords: Neutrosophic closed set, Neutrosophic αψ-closed set, Neutrosophic αψ-connectedness between neutrosophic sets

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-179453

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 853-857, 2020

Authors: Büyüközkan, Gülçin | Havle, Celal Alpay | Feyzioğlu, Orhan | Göçer, Fethullah

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Transportation becomes increasingly important for global trade, mobility, and economies. Passengers expect speed and quality from transportation services. As a result, the demand for air transportation is steadily rising. Higher demand for flights brings along new expectations and competition. In particular, airline companies are focused on service quality, knowing that it is a necessity to survive in a competitive market by meeting customer expectations. Hence, it is aimed that to analyze Airline Service Quality (ASQ) in Turkey. A SERVQUAL based model is developed and the criteria of the model is analyzed using group decision making (GDM) based intuitionistic fuzzy cognitive …map (IFCM) approach. A real case is conducted in Turkey airline industry. By considering the hesitation, uncertainty and intuition of decision-making processes and the opinions of the decision makers, classical FCM approach is expanded to IF environment. Decision makers who are experts in Turkey airline industry, evaluate the relationship between the criteria. The importance ratings of the criteria are determined. Thanks to dynamic structure of IFCM, scenario analysis is performed to make strategic decisions. Originality of the paper is that it is the first study dealing with GDM based IFCM and SERVQUAL approach for ASQ in Turkey to the best of our knowledge. Show more

Keywords: Airline service quality, group decision making, intuitionistic fuzzy cognitive map, scenario analysis, SERVQUAL

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-179454

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 859-872, 2020

Authors: Abdullah, Lazim | Goh, Chunmin | Zamri, Nurnadiah | Othman, Mahmod

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) has been applied to numerous multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) problems where crisp numbers are utilised in defining linguistic evaluation. The interval valued intuitionistic fuzzy TOPSIS (IVIF TOPSIS) can offer a new decision making method in solving MCDM problems where interval valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets are utilised in defining linguistic terms. Differently from the TOPSIS, which directly utilised crisp numbers, this method introduces upper and lower intervals of memberships to capture wide arrays of uncertain and fuzzy information. In this paper, criteria and alternatives in flood management is investigated where …the best alternative in flood mitigation approach can be identified using the IVIF TOPSIS. Four decision makers in flood management were invited to provide linguistic evaluation of seven alternatives with respect to seven criteria. Computational results indicate that the alternative ‘pumping station’ is identified as the best alternative of flood mitigation project. The findings of this study would benefit authority in suggesting the effective approach in flood mitigation initiatives. Show more

Keywords: TOPSIS, interval valued intuitionistic fuzzy set, linguistic evaluation, decision making, flood management

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-179455

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 873-881, 2020

Authors: Onar, Sezi Cevik | Oztaysi, Basar | Kahraman, Cengiz | Ozturk, Ersan

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Managing the collection of unpaid debts is crucial for the financial survival of the companies. The long term unpaid debts are collected through legal debt collection processes. This legal process should be carried out by qualified lawyers. The companies with many subscribers usually work with legal debt collection offices outside the company rather than allocate internal resources for the management of this process. Evaluating the performances of legal debt collection offices and appropriate distribution of the relevant debtor files to different legal debt collection offices located in different regions are very important for optimizing the debt collection. One of the …biggest GSM operators in Turkey that has millions of customers wants to enhance its legal debt collection process. Due to the high number of customer, the GSM operator works approximately one hundred legal debt collection offices which makes evaluation complex. This complex evaluation process should be objective, transparent, and represent the company vision and strategy. The legal debt collection offices should not only increase the total amount of collected debts but also avoid creating compliance problems and customer dissatisfaction. The evaluation of legal debt collection offices should involve both of these objective and subjective criteria. Yet, the evaluations involve hesitancy and vagueness. In this study, we use hesitant Pythagorean fuzzy sets for evaluating the performances of the legal debt collection offices and apply it the real data. Show more

Keywords: Pythagorean fuzzy sets, Legal debt collection, Pythagorean AHP, Intuitionistic Type 2

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-179456

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 883-894, 2020

Authors: Diao, Hongyue | Cao, Yiming | Xu, Yingying | Zou, Li | Deng, Ansheng

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The group decision-making is a process that multiple experts participate in analysis and decision-making for multiple attributes, which can assist decision makers to set priorities and make the best decision. The linguistic truth-valued intuitionistic fuzzy lattice can better express both comparable and incomparable linguistic information, which can also better to deal with positive and negative linguistic information at the same time. To deal with the decision-making problem with fuzzy linguistic information, we propose an approach for group decision making based on linguistic truth-valued intuitionistic fuzzy lattice. For the comparable fuzzy linguistic information, the linguistic truth-valued intuitionistic fuzzy weighted averaging operator …and the linguistic truth-valued intuitionistic fuzzy ordered weighted averaging operator are presented to aggregate evaluation information of multiple experts. For the incomparable fuzzy linguistic information, positive reference nearness degree and negative reference nearness degree are introduced to deal with incomparable result with different preferences. We discuss an algorithm of group decision making, in which the decision results are alternative according to the decision makers’ preferences. A practical example is provided to illustrate the validity and rationality of the developed approach. Show more

Keywords: Group decision making, linguistic truth-valued intuitionistic fuzzy lattice, linguistic truth-valued aggregation operator

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-179457

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 895-904, 2020

Authors: Samanlioglu, Funda | Ayağ, Zeki

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In this study, an intelligent approach is presented for the evaluation and selection of innovation projects. Selecting the best innovation project is a complicated multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) problem with several potentially competing quantitative and qualitative criteria. In this paper, two hesitant fuzzy MCDM methods; hesitant fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (hesitant F-AHP) and hesitant fuzzy VIsekriterijumska optimizacija i KOmpromisno Resenje (hesitant F-VIKOR) are integrated to evaluate and rank innovation projects. In the hesitant fuzzy AHP-VIKOR, hesitant F-AHP is used to find fuzzy evaluation criteria weights and hesitant F-VIKOR is implemented to rank innovation project alternatives. A numerical example is …given where five innovation projects are evaluated based on nine criteria by three decision makers. Show more

Keywords: Innovation project selection, fuzzy, multiple-criteria decision making, AHP, VIKOR

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-179458

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 905-915, 2020

Authors: Bashir, Kamal | Li, Tianrui | Yohannese, Chubato Wondaferaw | Yahaya, Mahama

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The object of Software Defect Prediction (SDP) is to identify modules that are prone to defect. This is achieved by training prediction models with datasets obtained by mining software historical depositories. When one acquires data through this approach, it often includes class imbalance which has an unequal class representation among their example. We hypothesize that the imbalance learning is not a problem in itself and decrease in performance is also influenced by other factors related to class distribution in the data. One of these is the existence of noisy and borderline examples. Thus, the objective of our research is to …propose a novel preprocessing method using Synthetic Minority Over-Sampling Technique (SMOTE), Fuzzy-rough Instance Selection type II (FRIS-II) and Iterative Noise Filter based on the Fusion of Classifiers (INFFC) which can overcome these problems. The experimental results show that the new proposal significantly outperformed all the methods compared in this study. Show more

Keywords: Software defect prediction, data sampling, fuzzy rough set, noise filtering

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-179459

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 917-933, 2020

Authors: Çolak, Murat | Kaya, İhsan | Özkan, Betül | Budak, Ayşenur | Karaşan, Ali

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract:  Nowadays, more companies are trying to implement blockchain technology (BT) that enables to increase the quality of the products/services to their supply chains in order to improve their performance. BT can be applied to different sectors according to their specific needs. Evaluation of BT with respect to sectors needs considering several factors and it can be considered as a multi criteria decision making (MCDM) problem. In this paper, the appropriateness of BT in Supply Chain Management (SCM) according to different sectors has been evaluated by using a MCDM methodology based on hesitant fuzzy sets (HFSs). The suggested MCDM methodology consists …of Delphi method, hesitant fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (HF-AHP) and Hesitant Fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (HF-TOPSIS) methods. In the first stage, the criteria and sub-criteria utilized for performance evaluation of BT in supply chain management have been determined by using Delphi method. The weights of main and sub-criteria have been obtained through HF-AHP method and finally, the alternative sectors have been ranked according to results of HF-TOPSIS method. For this aim, a hierarchical MCDM problem that consists of 5 main and 17 sub-criteria has been created and the alternative sectors have been evaluated. As a result, medicine/drug and jewelry sectors have been respectively determined as the most and the least suitable alternatives in order to implement BT by means of the proposed HFSs based methodology. Finally, a sensitivity analysis has been conducted to show the importance of the main criteria weights on ranking of alternatives. Show more

Keywords: Blockchain technology, supply chain management, hesitant fuzzy sets, AHP, TOPSIS

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-179460

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 935-946, 2020

Authors: Piltan, Farzin | Kim, Jong-Myon

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The design of an effective procedure for leak detection, estimation, and leak size classification is necessary to maintain the healthy and safe operations of pipelines for conveying fluids and gas from one place to another. The complexities of nonlinear and uncertain behavior inherent in a pipeline lead to difficulty of detection, estimation, and leak size estimation. Hence, a robust hybrid leak detection and size estimation method based on the back stepping hyperbolic Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy sliding mode extended ARX-Laguerre Proportional Integral (PI) observer for pipelines is presented. Because of the effects of gases and fluids in pipelines, accurate physical modeling …of a pipeline is difficult. Consequently, the ARX-Laguerre technique is used for pipeline modeling in this study. Early detection of leaks is important to avoid product loss and other severe damage. To address this issue, the extended ARX-Laguerre PI observer is utilized to detect and estimate a leak. In addition, a T-S fuzzy technique is applied to an extended ARX-Laguerre PI observer to improve leak estimation in the presence of uncertainties. Thus, the T-S fuzzy sliding mode extended ARX-Laguerre PI observer adaptively improves the reliability, robustness, and estimation accuracy of leak detection and estimation. To leak size classification in the presence of uncertainties, the hyperbolic differential equations are governed by the T-S fuzzy extended ARX-Laguerre PI observer to find the exact solution for the kernels of a backstepping-based leak boundary. The leak estimation convergence error shows that the leak size estimation can be calculated independent of the location of the leak, which is the main contribution of this research. It is assumed that pressure and flowmeter sensors are available at the inlet and outlet of the pipeline. The effectiveness of the proposed robust backstepping hyperbolic T-S fuzzy sliding mode extended ARX-Laguerre PI observer was tested over an experimental dataset. According to the results, the proposed technique improved the leak detection, estimation, and size estimation. Show more

Keywords: Pipeline, T-S fuzzy algorithm, sliding mode technique, ARX-Laguerre system estimation, PI observer, leak detection, leak estimation, leak size classification, partial differential equation, backstepping algorithm

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-179461

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 947-961, 2020

Authors: Kutlu Gündoğdu, Fatma

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract:  The three dimensional extensions of ordinary fuzzy sets such as intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFS), Pythagorean fuzzy sets (PFS), and neutrosophic sets (NS) aim at collecting experts’ judgments based on membership, non-membership and hesitancy degrees. Generalized three-dimensional spherical fuzzy sets have been introduced to the literature, including their arithmetic operations, aggregation operators, and defuzzfication operations. Expansion of classical Multi-Objective Optimization by a Ratio Analysis plus the Full Multiplicative Form (MULTIMOORA) has been performed by using ordinary fuzzy, hesitant fuzzy, intuitionistic fuzzy, and neutrosophic sets in the literature. I aim at developing the spherical fuzzy MULTIMOORA method since the spherical fuzzy point …of view can contribute to this multicriteria decision environment. By using spherical fuzzy sets (SFS), the MULTIMOORA method can be more efficient for solving complex problems, which require evaluation and estimation under unreliable data environment. The validation of the proposed approach is shown through an illustrative example. Additionally, comparative analyses with neutrosophic MULTIMOORA and intuitionistic fuzzy TOPSIS methods are presented. Show more

Keywords: Spherical fuzzy sets, multicriteria decision making, MULTIMOORA, personnel selection, TOPSIS

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-179462

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 963-978, 2020

Authors: Yatsalo, Boris | Korobov, Alexander | Öztayşi, Başar | Kahraman, Cengiz | Martínez, Luis

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Within Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA), the TOPSIS method and its fuzzy extensions, fuzzy TOPSIS (FTOPSIS) models, are widespread ones for solving multi-criteria decision problems. At the same time, FTOPSIS models, as a rule, are implemented based on approximate computations with the use of triangular and trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. This paper introduces a novel approach to fuzzy extension of TOPSIS with the use of fuzzy criteria values and fuzzy weight coefficients of the general type and implementing functions of fuzzy numbers based on standard fuzzy arithmetic and transformation methods. Within FTOPSIS, for ranking of fuzzy numbers/alternatives the concept of Fuzzy Multi-criteria …Acceptability Analysis (FMAA) is implemented. The use of FMAA within Fuzzy MCDA (FMCDA) represents a systematical implementation of the concept of fuzzy decision analysis that “the decision taken in the fuzzy environment must be inherently fuzzy”. FTOPSIS-FMAA model not only allows ranking the set of alternatives, but also provides the confidence measure for the rank obtained by this model. This approach also considers the overestimation problem, which arises within FMCDA and FTOPSIS-FMAA implementation. A case study on a multi-criteria housing development decision problem is introduced and explored by several FTOPSIS-FMAA models. Finally, a comparison of different FTOPSIS-FMAA models is implemented with the use of Monte Carlo simulation. Show more

Keywords: Fuzzy number, fuzzy preference relation, ranking of fuzzy numbers, MCDA, TOPSIS, fuzzy TOPSIS, FMAA, overestimation

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-179463

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 979-995, 2020

Authors: Beskese, Ahmet | Camci, Alper | Temur, Gul Tekin | Erturk, Ercan

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract:  As energy security concerns push the countries to find more sustainable and renewable sources of energy, wind power became one of the fastest growing renewable energy source. As only a handful of wind turbine manufacturers established foothold in world markets, it is essential for managers to make right decisions regarding which wind turbines they will install in any given project. This study explores the literature on the wind turbine selection, solicits opinions of the industry experts to come up with a more realistic set of criteria and develops a decision making tool integrating hesitant fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) with …Technique-for-Order-Preference-by-Similarity-to-Ideal-Solution (TOPSIS). As wind turbine selection problem includes both quantitative and qualitative criteria, it is difficult to tackle with high uncertainty by using traditional techniques. Thus, hesitant fuzzy sets (HFS) which is an evolved fuzzy tool that deals with vagueness is utilized. In this study, hesitant fuzzy AHP is utilized to overcome the ambiguity, which occurs during criteria prioritization. In order to rank the alternatives, hesitant fuzzy TOPSIS is applied. By the help of this integrated approach, evaluation process becomes systematic and easy to deal with vagueness. The proposed method is demonstrated by a case study in Turkey. Show more

Keywords: Wind turbine, hesitant fuzzy sets, hesitant fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, hesitant fuzzy TOPSIS, multi criteria decision making

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-179464

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 997-1011, 2020

Authors: Demircioğlu, M. Emre | Ulukan, H. Ziya

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Due to the industrial emissions, poor disposal of wastes, mining, deforestation, increased use of fossil fuels and vicious agricultural activities, environmental pollution rapidly arises and becomes one of the most serious problems of the contemporary world. Humanity tries to abstain from living in polluted cities because of its effects adversely to quality of life. As the utilization of Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) techniques plays a key role in choosing the most suitable option between all feasible alternatives, this work proposes a hybrid MCDM method to rank the major cities from the least polluted to the most polluted according to the …types of pollution. Owing to the capability to tackle imprecise and uncertain decision information, intuitionistic fuzzy (IF) sets are employed as well as some of the important properties of these concepts are studied. An integrated method combines IF Simple Additive Weighting (IF-SAW) for determining the weights of the types of pollution and IF Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluations (PROMETHEE) technique for ranking the major cities. In ranking phase, modification and improvement of classical PROMETHEE into the IF environment is accurately implemented. A Group Decision Making (GDM) process which deals with both quantitative and qualitative factors in an uncertain environment is developed. The effectiveness and applicability of the proposed methodology is numerically illustrated with real world data of environmental pollution in major cities and the study showed that IF-PROMETHEE method could be used in environmental pollution problem as an efficient method. Show more

Keywords: Intuitionistic fuzzy sets, multi criteria group decision making, PROMETHEE, SAW

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-179465

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 1013-1025, 2020

Authors: Oner, Sultan Ceren | Oztaysi, Başar | Oner, Mahir

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The improvements in mobile technologies led to the wide adaptation and triggered the demand for location based services. In this respect, examining user similarities enable the analysis of user interests in terms of the determination of purchasing preferences and actual needs. User similarities are generally extracted from consumer life style, demographical information or the reflections from previously sent messages. In spite of the fact that these factors may not directly influence the purchasing decision, uncertain or lack of information can be encountered while establishing recommendation systems. Thus, researchers try to search other indicators that can reflect customer characteristics from spatial …data, digital contribution in social media and search history for preferable representation of the changes in purchasing tendency. In this study, social platform based interval valued intuitionistic fuzzy location recommendation system is proposed by considering three common social platforms: Trip Advisor, Zomato and Foursquare. To perform restaurant offers to appropriate social platform users, a sentiment analysis is conducted to selected restaurants and number of negative, positive and neutral comments are extracted. After that, restaurant and location information are examined by using user, restaurant and location clustering via fuzzy clustering. Finally, intuitionistic fuzzy similarity matrix based collaborative filtering is used for restaurant offers to similar users. Show more

Keywords: Location based systems, recommendation systems, interval valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-179466

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 1027-1042, 2020

Authors: Yildiz, Didem | Temur, Gul Tekin | Beskese, Ahmet | Bozbura, Faik Tunc

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract:  In contemporary business world, employees are one of the core competencies of organizations and to attract, retain, and engage talented employees is crucial for organizations for sustainable success. Understanding and leveraging employee experience is one of the tending topics for organizations because positive employee experience affects employees’ attachment, engagement and loyalty to the organization. Human resource management departments and leaders can apply different strategic initiations to boost employee experience in their organizations. In this study, we aim to design an integrated model for leaders and organizations to guide them for creating positive employee experience to have engaging, enjoyable, and productive …work environment. The integrated model includes two phases: (1) evaluation of criteria affecting positive employee experience by hesitant fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (HFAHP) and (2) developing a practical scoring procedure to help companies with their self-assessments by using fuzzy simple additive weighting (FSAW) method. In the first phase, four main and sixteen sub-criteria are taken into consideration. For the second phase, the application of the integrated model is demonstrated with a numerical example from real world. The results indicate that for positive employee experience, leadership has the highest importance followed by human capitals’ development opportunity, positive organizational culture, and communication. Show more

Keywords: Employee experience, employee engagement, hesitant fuzzy sets, hesitant fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, fuzzy simple additive weighting, multi criteria decision making

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-179467

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 1043-1058, 2020

Authors: Cayir Ervural, Beyzanur

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Energy efficiency initiatives are now more noteworthy due to awareness and sensitivity in the use of resources in rational, optimal and effective ways. The uncertain and dynamic structure of the electricity distribution market requires continuous improvement and efficiency activities/strategic decisions by adding new investments. Energy efficiency assessment plays an important role in improving energy efficiency. In this study, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was employed to investigate the efficiency performance of twenty-one electricity distribution companies in Turkey. The results of DEA revealed that seven of the twenty-one electricity distribution companies were efficiently attempted in Turkey. After utilizing the DEA model, an …Artificial Neural Network (ANN) method based on DEA was constructed, and then the efficiency of each company was predicted. According to the proposed integrated model, with incorporating new/alternative electricity companies, investment plans can be easily evaluated from a real perspective, and their performances can be predicted accurately. The study is expected to assist direct energy decision-makers and investors and help them in their investment plans. Show more

Keywords: Electricity distribution market, data envelopment analysis, artificial neural network

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-179468

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 1059-1069, 2020

Authors: Onar, Sezi Çevik | Kahraman, Cengiz | Öztayşi, Başar | Boltürk, Eda

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract:  The problems in the production systems often involve complexity and imprecision. The traditional techniques can be insufficient to handle such problems. This uncertainty and vagueness can be treated with the fuzzy sets. The fuzzy sets are frequently utilized to optimize production system problems under imprecise, complex and subjective information. It is important to gain academic knowledge on how fuzzy sets and the new developments in the fuzzy set theory are utilized in production systems. In this study, we develop a state-of-the-art literature review for the usage of fuzzy sets in production system problems. The literature review is based on 3147 …publications composed of 1832 articles, 1277 conference papers and 38 book chapters indexed by Scopus. We present the tabular and graphical results of the literature review. The literature review indicates that although both production literature and fuzzy literature have an increasing attention, at some areas of production systems fuzzy sets have limited usage. Show more

Keywords: Production research, information management, fuzzy sets, intuitionistic fuzzy sets, type-n fuzzy sets, hesitant fuzzy sets, pythagorean fuzzy sets

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-179469

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 1071-1081, 2020

Authors: Dogu, Elif | Albayrak, Y. Esra | Tuncay, Esin

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) bacteria may develop resistance to the drugs, which are used in TB treatment. Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) is a type of TB that does not respond to at least rifampicin and isoniazid, the 2 most powerful anti-TB drugs. MDR-TB requires a more compelling treatment and it is more difficult to diagnose. The experience of physician is the key factor in the success of MDR-TB diagnose. The existence of TB bacteria in the body can be observed relatively faster with a standard sputum smear however, drug-susceptibility tests require nearly 45 days. To cope with this infectious disease, it is vital …to estimate the resistance in a newly diagnosed TB patient to plan the initialization of the treatment in the testing period. Herein, the purpose of this study is to build a framework and establish a mathematical model that will help decision makers (physicians) while estimating the risk of multidrug resistance when a new tuberculosis patient arrives, using intuitionistic fuzzy cognitive maps (IFCM). Intuitionistic fuzzy sets are utilized to reflect the decision makers’ hesitancy degrees in the model. Show more

Keywords: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, intuitionistic fuzzy cognitive maps, medical decision support, risk factors

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-179470

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 1083-1095, 2020

Authors: Kaya, Aycan | Çiçekalan, Büşra | Çebi, Ferhan

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: With the increasing environmental concerns, new regulations to decrease Waste Electric and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) have taken effect in many countries. Recycling is an important part of the challenge with the increasing amount of waste by time. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the facility location problem of WEEE recycling plant. Taking into consideration the requirement of the process to consider several conflicting factors from qualitative to quantitative factors, one of the MCDM techniques is employed. In order to handle uncertainties on human judgments during the evaluation process, the process is conducted under fuzzy environment. Once criteria affecting the decision-making …process of the location of WEEE recycling plant are determined, the Pythagorean fuzzy AHP (PFAHP) method is applied to determine the priority weights of the criteria, sub-criteria and alternative locations. The results of the study show that transportation, recycling, and energy costs are the first three factors respectively, having the highest importance for the selection process, Electric and Electronic Equipment (EEE) usage habits and waste composition are the factors having the least importance. Show more

Keywords: WEEE, recycling, pythagorean fuzzy AHP

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-179471

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 1097-1106, 2020

Authors: Haktanır, Elif

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract:  Hypothesis testing is an important tool of statistical decision making. Classical hypothesis testing is based on a known probability distribution with known population parameters. However, since the data generally include vagueness and impreciseness, a fuzzy set approach should be used. In this paper, interval-valued neutrosophic sets (IVNSs) are used for the purpose of making statistical decisions. In the proposed neutrosophic hypothesis testing approach, neutrosophic linguistic data and neutrosophic parameters are used. Left-sided, right-sided and double-sided neutrosophic hypothesis tests are developed, illustrative example and sensitivity analysis are given.

Keywords: Interval-valued neutrosophic set, hypothesis testing, pythagorean fuzzy sets, hesitant fuzzy sets

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-179472

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 1107-1117, 2020

Authors: Büyüközkan, Gülçin | Güler, Merve

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Digital Transformation (DT) is the journey of using digital technologies to develop new business models and strategies. DT aims to achieve competitive advantage and to realize activities that will create efficiency in the corporate value chain. Digital Maturity Model (DMM) provides a practical approach to DT. There is a need for an analytical tool to analyze the significance of the factors in the DMM and to rank the companies according to their digital maturity. It is a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem with multiple factors under vagueness and impreciseness. Hesitant fuzzy linguistic term sets (HFLTS) is a technique used to facilitate …Decision Makers’ (DMs) judgment process in imprecise situations. HFLTS technique gives DMs possibility to use linguistic expressions with comparative judgments. This article introduces a decision framework based on the HFLTS, Hesitant Fuzzy Linguistic (HFL) Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and HFL Additive Ratio ASsessment (ARAS) methods. It is aimed to provide a scientific method that helps to determine the most important criteria for companies’ DMM and to rank companies. A case study about the banking sector is presented to verify the usability of this method. Show more

Keywords: Digital maturity, hesitant fuzzy linguistic term sets, multi criteria decision making, AHP, ARAS

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-179473

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 1119-1132, 2020