Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems - Volume 31, issue 5

Authors: Pan-Pan, Niu | Xiang-Yang, Wang | Qing-Bo, Yin | Li-Ran, Shen

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In multimedia technology enhanced learning, digital watermarking is an important technique for protecting copyrighted multimedia materials. In this paper, we propose a robust color image watermarking scheme using quaternion geometric Legendre moment invariants (QGLMIs). Firstly, the original image is divided into color image blocks. Then, the Quaternion Discrete Cosine Transform (QDCT) is performed on the color image block. Finally, the digital watermark is embedded into original color image by adaptively modulating the real QDCT coefficients of color image block. For watermark detecting, the LS-SVM correction with low-order QGLMIs is utilized. Experimental results show that the proposed color image watermarking is …not only invisible and robust against common image processing operations (especially for color attacks), but also robust against geometrical distortions. Show more

Keywords: Color image watermarking, color attacks, geometric distortions, quaternion geometric Legendre moment invariants

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-169096

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 2553-2564, 2016

Authors: Chen, Shu | Huang, Benxiong

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: With the rapid development of urbane-centered economy, urban area has gone through strong but heterogeneous sprawl. In such complex urban systems, it is impossible to established teaching centers of night school in every district of city for continuing education programs. Part-time students tend to be educated in popular locations of city due to convenience. Since call logs and geographical nature of mobile phone data can provide an opportunity to measure human behavior and social dynamics, we investigate how to infer urban popular locations with large-scale quasi-social network for avoiding the limitation of data collection and even privacy problems. A large-scale …quasi-social network model is developed via measuring the number of shared-user between zones, which is different from previous models for social network. We first verify whether or not this model also can show the social structure of given data, the ranking of places in the model have been calculated based on eigvalue metric. To understand the connections between popular locations of human activity and spatial structure, we present a method to infer the core zones in given region, and then we use a simple metric to evaluate the most popular locations of human activity. Show more

Keywords: Education programs, social network, popular locations, case study

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-169097

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 2565-2572, 2016

Authors: Wang, Fasheng | Xiao, Zhibo | Chen, Wei | Li, Xucheng | Lu, Mingyu

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Visual tracking is of great importance in multimedia technology enhanced learning. Many human-machine interaction based learning/teaching activities need tracking of specific object. Particle filter has grown to be a standard framework for visual tracking in the past decades. One of its key issues is the design of the proposal distribution which can greatly affect the performance of particle trackers. In this paper we propose an enhanced particle filter for robust visual tracking. First, we propose a new particle filter using two proposal distributions to generate particles, that is, the unscented Kalman filter and the transition prior. Second, we introduce the …locality sensitive histogram (LSH) and color based appearance model to deal with the appearance variation within the particle filter tracking framework. Third, by combining our new particle filter and the LSH and color based appearance model, we develop a robust tracking algorithm. Experimental results show that our tracking algorithm is better than or not worse than several other tracking algorithms over several public sequences. Show more

Keywords: Video based learning, visual tracking, particle filter, proposal distribution

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-169098

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 2573-2581, 2016

Authors: Li, Wenbin | Cosker, Darren | Brown, Matthew

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: It is hard to densely track a nonrigid object in long term, which is a fundamental research issue in the computer vision community. This task often relies on estimating pairwise correspondences between images over time where the error is accumulated and leads to a drift . In this paper, we introduce a novel optimisation framework with an Anchor Patch constraint. It is supposed to significantly reduce overall errors given long sequences containing nonrigidly deformable objects. Our framework can be applied to any dense tracking algorithm, e.g. optical flow. We demonstrate the success of our approach by showing significant error …reduction on 6 popular optical flow algorithms applied to a range of realworld nonrigid benchmarks. We also provide quantitative analysis of our approach given synthetic occlusions and image noise. Show more

Keywords: Computer vision, dense tracking, anchor patch, optical flow, drift, long sequence

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-169099

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 2583-2595, 2016

Authors: Khan, M.S.L. | Li, Haibo | ur Réhman, Shafiq

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Socially interactive systems are embodied agents that engage in social interactions with humans. From a design perspective, these systems are built by considering a biologically inspired design (Bio-inspired) that can mimic and simulate human-like communication cues and gestures. The design of a bio-inspired system usually consists of (i) studying biological characteristics, (ii) designing a similar biological robot, and (iii) motion planning, that can mimic the biological counterpart. In this article, we present a design, development, control-strategy and verification of our socially interactive bio-inspired robot, namely - Telepresence Mechatronic Robot (TEBoT). The key contribution of our work is an embodiment of …a real human-neck movements by, i) designing a mechatronic platform based on the dynamics of a real human neck and ii) capturing the real head movements through our novel single-camera based vision algorithm. Our socially interactive bio-inspired system is based on an intuitive integration-design strategy that combines computer vision based geometric head pose estimation algorithm, model based design (MBD) approach and real-time motion planning techniques. We have conducted an extensive testing to demonstrate effectiveness and robustness of our proposed system. Show more

Keywords: Socially interactive robot, biologically inspired robot, head pose estimation, vision based robot control, model based design, embodied telepresence system

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-169100

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 2597-2610, 2016

Authors: Zheng, Zhigao | Huang, Tao | Zhang, Hao | Sun, Shenli | Wen, Jinming | Wang, Ping

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The virtualization design management and adaptive resource migration techniques are typically used for energy saving and system reliability improvement in the cloud computing system. The paper presents a resource migration technique based on node performance and failure rule (NPFR-RMT). It uses Broker to access node performance to determine abnormal nodes and failure nodes. All nodes in the idle queue are conducted failure rule detection with failure model. The fast and slow nodes are determined by node performance threshold analysis. The NPFR-RMT adds slow nodes and failure nodes into idle queue. The virtual machine (VM) migration method is also adapted to …migrate tasks to normal nodes in idle queue for re-execution. Comparison experiment results show that the NPFR-RMT method presented in the paper can achieve expected aim that reducing energy consumption of data centers while ensuring service performance. Show more

Keywords: Cloud computing, resource migration, node performance, failure rule

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-169101

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 2611-2618, 2016

Authors: Mehmood, Rashid | Bie, Rongfang | Jiao, Libin | Dawood, Hussain | Sun, Yunchun

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Clustering by fast search and find of density peaks (CFSFDP) was proposed to create clusters by finding high-density peaks, quickly. CFSFDP mainly based on two rules: 1) a cluster center has a high dense point and 2) a cluster center lies at a large distance from other clusters centers. The effectiveness of CFSFDP highly depends upon the cutoff distance (C d ), which is used to estimate the density of each data point. However, there is a need to provide the predefined C d . In this paper, we propose an adaptive way to estimate the accurate C …d by using the characteristics of Improved Sheather-Jones (ISJ) method named as IJS-CFSFDP. ISJ method provides the best estimation for C d to measure accurate density of each data point. We perform a number of experiments on standard benchmark clustering datasets and real academic dataset of students. The evaluated clustering results on education dataset validate the IJS-CFSFDP can be used to make intelligent contents delivery system based on the capability and intelligence of the student. The experimental results on synthetic datasets show that the proposed adaptive C d method creates better clusters as compare to the CFSFDP, mean shift, affinity propagation and k-means. Show more

Keywords: Density based clustering, kernel density estimation, optimal cutoff distance selection, Improved Sheather-Jones (ISJ) method

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-169102

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 2619-2628, 2016

Authors: Lu, Wen | Qi, Jingjing | Liu, Qi | Zhou, Ziheng | Yang, Jiachen

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Foggy weather brings lots of inconvenience for outdoor safety surveillance in the densely populated school education area. Research on image and video dehazing is able to solve this problem. Most existing methods recover the haze-free scenes relying on the atmospheric scattering model in image dehazing, which often suffer from halo artifacts because of the indistinct edges in the scene depth map. L 0 gradient minimization is introduced to better preserve and locate important edges globally to optimize the scene depth map, making use of this physical model in this paper. Firstly, a rough scene depth map based on the …inherent boundary constraint prior on the scene is estimated. Secondly, the rough scene depth map in bright regions is compensated with an adaptive term. Then this compensated scene depth map is put into an optimizing framework to get a refined depth map to make it closer to the ideal scene depth. Finally, with the refined depth map and global atmospheric light, we can recover the haze-free scenes using the atmospheric scatting model. Experimental results show the proposed is better to obtain haze-free scenes with sharp edges, abundant details and vivid color while dealing well with bright areas. Show more

Keywords: Image dehazing, L0 gradient minimization, scene depth map, haze-free scenes

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-169103

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 2629-2636, 2016

Authors: Cao, Bin | Kang, Yang | Lin, Shujin | Luo, Xiaonan | Xu, Songhua | Lv, Zhihan

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Traditional sketch-based 3D model retrieval methods are content-based, which return the search results by ranking the geometric similarities among a free-hand drawing and 3D model candidates. These conventional methods do not consider personal drawing characteristics and styles (abbreviated as styles), which are obvious and important in user’s sketch queries. An ordinary user presumably is not a professional and skillful artist. Therefore, users are likely to introduce personal drawing style in sketching 3D model rather than faithfully render the model according to its geometric perspectives. For amateurs, such personal styles are unintentionally introduced due to their limited sketching capabilities. As determined …by a person’s sketching habit, personal drawing styles are largely personally consistent and stable. Ignoring such non-trivial personal styles while attempting to reconstruct intended models according to their sketch inputs does not usually produce satisfactory outcomes, in particular, for amateur sketchers. To overcome this problem, we propose a novel style-sensitive 3D model retrieval method based on three-view user sketch inputs. The new method models users’ personal sketching styles and constructs joint tensor factorization to improve the retrieval performance. Show more

Keywords: Three views, gabor filter, tensor factorization, style, cluster

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-169104

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 2637-2644, 2016

Authors: Abbas, Haider | Yasin, Muhammad | Ahmed, Fahad | Sajid, Anam | Khan, Farrukh Aslam | Ashfaq, Rana Aamir Raza | Haldar, Nur Al Hasan

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Social media have emerged as an inexpensive and efficient way of communication during the past few years. Facebook is leading the global social networking that provides multiple channels for sharing information with the community. There are various ways to access a Facebook account such as through a web browser, mobile applications and third-party desktop applications for Facebook. Platforms like desktop applications for social media are of benefit to users as they provide ease of access and availability, but in the case of a user’s data privacy breach including illegitimate social behavior, it becomes a challenge for the forensic examiners to …track such activities for learning purposes. The aim of digital forensics is to get hold of the existing legal evidence present within the digital media. The major focus of this research is to investigate and analyze the two Facebook desktop applications: Fosimo and Sobees, with respect to the tracking of the user activities. The Facebook desktop applications are examined by analyzing the Windows registry, browser, cookie, cache, connection analysis and the local installation directory. As a result of this research, we ensure that the footprint gathering of the user activity from Windows registry and browser files is performed in such a way that it could be used for forensic artifacts modeling keeping the integrity of the whole process. Show more

Keywords: Social media forensics, social media clients, forensic artifacts intelligence, Facebook desktop application

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-169105

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 2645-2658, 2016

Authors: Ren, Gang | Li, Wenbin | O’Neill, Eamonn

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: As interactive devices become pervasive, people are beginning to look for more advanced interaction with televisions in the living room. Interactive television has the potential to offer a very engaging experience. But most common user tasks are still challenging with such systems, such as menu selection or text input, and little work has been done on understanding and supporting the effective design of freehand interaction with a TV in the domestic environment. In this paper, we report two studies investigating freehand gestural interaction with a consumer level sensor that is suitable for TV use scenarios. In the first study, we …investigate a range of design factors for tiled layout menu selection, including wearable feedback, push gesture depth, target size and position in motor space. The results show that tactile and audio feedback have no significant effect on user performance and preference, and these results inform potential designs for high selection performance. In the second study, we investigate using freehand gestures for the common TV user task of text input. We design and evaluate two virtual keyboard layouts and three freehand selection methods. Results show that ease of use and error tolerance can both be achieved using a text entry method utilizing a dual circle layout and an expanding target selection technique. Finally, we propose design guidelines for effective, usable and comfortable freehand gestural interaction for interactive TV based on the findings. Show more

Keywords: Freehand gesture selection, wearable feedback, tile layout

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-169106

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 2659-2674, 2016

Authors: Cao, Bin | Kang, Yang | Lin, Shujin | Luo, Xiaonan | Xu, Songhua | Lv, Zhihan | Xue, Yu

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: 3D models can be used in 3D printing and many other areas. At present, there are a lot of researches on 3D model retrieval and sketch is considered to be important for 3D model retrieval. In this paper, we develop a new 3D model retrieval prototype system based on style-sensitive 3D model retrieval method and three-view user sketches. We also implement user-friendly graphic interfaces for the 3D model retrieval system. We explore the performance of the system by conducting a series of 3D model retrieval experiments on the Princeton shape benchmark data set. Experimental results show that the new retrieval …system can obtain satisfactory retrieval results. And some results of the new method are superior to some content-based 3D model retrieval methods, in terms of both quantitative search performance metrics and qualitatively measured user search experiences. Show more

Keywords: 3D model, views, user interface, retrieval

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-169107

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 2675-2683, 2016

Authors: Melthis, John | Tang, Stephen | Yang, Po | Hanneghan, Martin | Carter, Chris

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Serious Games have been established over recent years as a means of utilising gaming for applications other than entertainment. With the emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm, a new direction for serious games arises, where data gathered from the physical environment can be utilised towards new novel applications. This literature survey uncovers existing topologies that can be applied for combining IoT with Serious Games . This paper presents findings from extensive research into IoT, Serious Games, Pervasive Games and Gamification , IoT topologies and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), to identify the requirements of a …topology for Serious Games and IoT. By understanding the topological requirements for combining IoT and Serious Games, the development process is reduced, allowing for the advancement in the mentioned field. Three topologies are presented for combining IoT with Serious Games and a detailed topology for developing a Serious Game that monitors student attendance is presented. Also included, is an insight into the new paradigm of Smart Serious Games (SSGs). This paper will aid future research and development in SSGs determine effective network topologies. Show more

Keywords: IoT, serious games, topology, smart serious games

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-169108

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 2685-2696, 2016

Authors: Li, Jian-qiang | Zhang, Shen-peng | Yang, Lei | Fu, Xiang-hua | Ming, Zhong | Feng, Gang

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: RFID technology has been widely used for object tracking in indoor environment due to their low cost and convenience for deployment. Existing RFID localization approaches rely on signal strength to measure the distance between RFID reader and tags. However, because of the environmental complexity and inferences, the measurement of distance by signal strength is not accurate, which causes large error in localization. In this paper we develop a novel algorithm to improve the RFID localization accuracy. Our algorithm is based on particle swarm optimization. More importantly, we add reference tags in the deployment, and design a parameter named Correction Factor …in PSO to measure the distances more accurately by signal strength. The result shows that compared with the previous method without the correction factor, our proposed approach can increase the accuracy by 50%. This method has good application prospect in equipment management. Show more

Keywords: Indoor location, reference tags, correction factor, PSO

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-169109

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 2697-2706, 2016

Authors: Yang, Lvqing | Zhang, Guoxing | Lin, Fan | Zheng, Huiru

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: In telecommunications, the capture effect is a phenomenon associated with frequency modulation reception in which two strong signals at, or near, the same frequency or channel will be demodulated. In wireless networks, a frame collision does not necessarily result in all the simultaneously transmitted frames being lost. Depending on the relative signal power and the arrival time of the involved frames, one frame can survive the collision and be successfully received by the receiver. Efficient object identification with passive RFID tags. In former works, many researches focus on the RFID anti-collision protocol only, however, less did pay special attention to …the capture effect mainly to keep the design simple and cost low. Nonetheless, the capture effect occurs frequently in real deployments. In this paper, we have taken the capture effect into consideration and combined this thought to an efficient RFID anti-collision protocol, then proposed an efficient method to estimate the optimal frame length to adjust the quantity of RFID tags. After setting an optimal frame length by using the proposed method, furthermore, we obtained higher identification efficiency. RFID technology can be used for real-time recording and tracking of the learning process, which comprises real-time records of learners and their partners learning process such as experience, debate, cooperation, competition, problem solving, and other learning experiences. Show more

Keywords: Capture effect, Vogt algorithm, RFID

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-169110

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 2707-2712, 2016

Authors: Yang, Lvqing | Wu, Qingqiang | Bai, Youjing | Zheng, Huiru | Lin, Shufu

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: With the increasingly expanding application of RFID technology, the security and privacy issues of RFID system has also been a widespread concern. The existing RFID security protocol can’t simultaneously meet the requirements of low-cost, low computing, high efficiency and high security. In this paper, through the analysis of common principles and shortcomings of RFID security protocols based on Hash Function, we improve the security protocols, so as to achieve the objectives of two-way authentication. This paper theoretically proves the protocol security through BAN logic. And the new protocols can effectively solve the security and privacy problems such as replay attack, …fake attack, location privacy, anonymous tags and so on. The paper proposes a kind of authentication and communication security mechanism that makes full use of the functions of the conditional Access Module (CAM) which exist in the original remote education system and when authenticating the nodes of the system, we use the proposed security scheme. Analysis showed that the mechanism is safe, reliable, strong compatibility, economic and applicable. Show more

Keywords: RFID, hash function, security protocol, BAN logic, remote education system

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-169111

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 2713-2720, 2016

Authors: Al-Garadi, Mohammed Ali | Varathan, Kasturi Dewi | Ravana, Sri Devi | Ahmed, Ejaz | Chang, Victor

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Online social networks (OSNs) portray a multi-layer of interactions through which users become a friend, information is propagated, ideas are shared, and interaction is constructed within an OSN. Identifying the most influential spreaders in a network is a significant step towards improving the use of existing resources to speed up the spread of information for application such as viral marketing or hindering the spread of information for application like virus blocking and rumor restraint. Users communications facilitated by OSNs could confront the temporal and spatial limitations of traditional communications in an exceptional way, thereby presenting new layers of social interactions, …which coincides and collaborates with current interaction layers to redefine the multiplex OSN. In this paper, the effects of different topological network structure on influential spreaders identification are investigated. The results analysis concluded that improving the accuracy of influential spreaders identification in OSNs is not only by improving identification algorithms but also by developing a network topology that represents the information diffusion well. Moreover, in this paper a topological representation for an OSN is proposed which takes into accounts both multilayers interactions as well as overlaying links as weight. The measurement results are found to be more reliable when the identification algorithms are applied to proposed topological representation compared when these algorithms are applied to single layer representations. Show more

Keywords: Online social networks, complex network, multilayer interaction, influential spreaders

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-169112

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 2721-2735, 2016

Authors: Xie, Yuxi | Zhang, Junwei | He, Yonggui | Cheng, Aibin | Yin, Qinan

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: With the development of economic level and growth in the living standard, how to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of remote sepsis diagnosis has become the key issue and hot topic in the current medical research. As the traditional BP neural network is poor in the generalization ability and needs a large number of samples, we proposed the study on remote sepsis diagnosis by using the FOA-optimized BP neural network. Besides, based on the wireless sensor network and ZigBee network, we constructed the mathematical model of FOA_BP remote sepsis diagnosis based on wireless sensor network. The sepsis data set of …School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin was used as the object of study. The FOA-BP algorithm is significantly superior to the BP neural network algorithm in the diagnosis accuracy, verifying the validity and reliability of making a sepsis diagnosis with FOA_BP. Therefore, the method can be popularized to other fields to solve other similar problems. Show more

Keywords: Wireless sensor network, ZigBee network, fruit fly algorithm, BP neural network, sepsis diagnosis

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-169113

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 2737-2743, 2016

Authors: Shen, Danyang | Rankin, William B. | Le, Meilong

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The Multiple Airports System (MAS) has been the topic of an increasing number of studies over recent years in the spatial and network analysis. However, there is relatively limited literature on the MAS in the perspective of logistics. This paper proposes the concept of the Multi-Airport Logistics System (MLS) by reviewing the related literature on MAS and comparing the performance of cargo and passengers transport in the U.S. MASs. Under the concept of the MLS, the boundary and the populations of the MLS are discussed by utilizing case studies on the MLS in the U.S., especially the Northeast MLS. Compared …with existing studies, the concept of the MLS focus on the coordination of cargo development among airports and provide a framework for airports’ cargo development within the same region. By using Multiple Cases Study, we found that the agents gain experiences from the interaction with other agents and the environment, i.e. self-education of Agents by building blocks in the system. Show more

Keywords: Multi-Airport Logistics System, air cargo supply chain, airport logistics, self-education of agents

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-169114

Citation: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 2745-2755, 2016