International Journal of RF Technologies - Volume Pre-press, issue Pre-press

Authors: Eli-Chukwu, Ngozi C. | Nmadu, Daniel | Uma, Uma U. | Eheduru, Marcellinus I. | Ogah, Ogah E. | Emeh, Jerryson C.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The 2019 coronavirus pandemic is considered a global health emergency and the greatest challenge human kind has faced since World War II. The disease has claimed many lives globally and has caused major economic deterioration. The most challenging is the constant change of the virus through mutations leading to emergence of different variants. There are stipulated measures to mitigate the spread of this virus amongst which social distancing protocol seems to be the most effective. This study measures compliance with COVID-19 social distancing protocol using Radio Frequency Identification in a university in Southeastern Nigeria. The result reveals low indicators of …compliance with the social distancing precautionary measures. The results from different faculties indicate that the students did not comply, with an average compliance of 24 percent. The study contributes to present and future pandemic management as the rate at which the virus spreads despite the precautionary measures were alarming. Hence the need to measure compliance in real time rather than adopting an abstract method in a critical situation of this nature. Show more

Keywords: COVID-19, social distancing protocol, preventive measures, radio frequency identification

DOI: 10.3233/RFT-221503

Citation: International Journal of RF Technologies, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2023

Authors: Guo, Jing | Wang, Yalan | Guo, Ying | Dai, Shuaijun | Yan, Ruyu | Shi, Zaijie

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: With the rapid growth of e-commerce, logistics companies face challenges in efficient routing and scheduling to meet dynamic delivery demands. This paper proposes a novel logistics scheduling model to optimize vehicle routing using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology. A vehicle scheduling model is developed. The random customer demand and service time are solved using an adaptive taboo search algorithm combined with a nearest neighbor algorithm. Comparative experiments demonstrate the performance of the improved method in completing tasks and reducing queueing time compared to other methods. A case study of route optimization for a logistics company shows the model can recommend …optimized routes that reduce total transportation cost by over 25% compared to using RFID alone. The results highlight the potential of the proposed technique to enhance logistics efficiency. Limitations and future work are discussed. Show more

Keywords: RFID technology, logistics, adaptive taboo search algorithm, nearest neighbor algorithm, scheduling

DOI: 10.3233/RFT-230059

Citation: International Journal of RF Technologies, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-18, 2024

Authors: Ling, Zhimei | Wei, Chaoying

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract:  Radio frequency identification (RFID) provides real-time network monitoring capabilities for threat identification. However, accurate detection is impeded by tag interference. This paper presents an adaptive collision tree algorithm that selects optimal binary or octal splits based on collision counts to handle interference. Experiments demonstrate an integrated RFID intrusion detection framework that achieves 8.98% higher throughput and 99.82% detection accuracy compared to other protocols. The method enables efficient real-time threat identification as networks proliferate. However, there are limitations to the approach, such as assumptions of fixed tag populations rather than dynamic tags and a lack of field testing. To strengthen the …approach, further research on fluctuating tags and validation in real-world network deployments is necessary. This work presents an adaptive method for leveraging RFID to achieve scalable and accurate network intrusion detection. Show more

Keywords: Collision tree, radio frequency identification, electronic tag, network intrusion, identification

DOI: 10.3233/RFT-230057

Citation: International Journal of RF Technologies, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-17, 2024

Authors: Li, Xiaomeng

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Real-time monitoring and fault diagnosis of transformers are essential for the stable power system operation. This paper presents an RFID-based transformer fault feature extraction and classification algorithm. Experiments show that monitored current signals are stable while the temperature peak is 356°C. Hilbert decomposition reveals regular current and voltage patterns that can be used as fault indicators. Signal strength classification accuracy reached 80% . At rated load, the transformer temperature soared to 186°C, indicating overheating issues. The monitoring during a sample day showed that overload events were concentrated from 16:00-20:00, which required attention. The approach helps accurately identify transformer fault types …from real-time RFID data for proactive maintenance. Compared to reactive repairs after failures, this not only improves employee productivity but also reduces costs. Based on customized RFID deployment, the algorithm contributes to the stability and economy of power infrastructure. Show more

Keywords: RFID technology, transformer monitoring, fault identification, real time monitoring, power system stability

DOI: 10.3233/RFT-230056

Citation: International Journal of RF Technologies, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-18, 2024

Authors: Bottani, Eleonora | Correale, Samanta | Rizzi, Antonio | Stefanini, Roberta | Vezzani, Linda

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The research aims at assessing the level of interest towards and adoption of Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) technology among a sample of manufacturers, retailers, logistic service providers, solution providers and vertically integrated fashion retailers belonging to the Fashion, Consumer Goods and Healthcare sectors in Italy. A survey was created in collaboration with GS1 Italy, a no-profit organization that develops standards for enhancing collaboration between companies, associations, institutions and consumers and enrols more than 40,000 companies. Overall, 58 useful responses were collected. Statistical analyses were carried out with the support of Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows …and MS Excel. Results show that RFID solutions are implemented by 31% of the interviewees and tested by 21% of them, mainly thanks to the favourable ROI and the possibility of gaining a competitive advantage over competitors through the automation of logistics processes, visibility of inventory and production progress, and avoided stock out. The RFID users often achieved results above expectations regarding the order picking errors reduction, the increase of operational efficiency and inventory accuracy. The few obstacles encountered are the read failures or the over-performing reading, but they are not perceived as relevant. Overall, most experimenters and non-users currently adopt barcode solutions, but showed their intention to implement RFID systems in the future, underlying a strong interest towards this identification technology. Show more

Keywords: RFID deployment, identification technology, fast moving consumer good, fashion, GS1 Italy

DOI: 10.3233/RFT-230062

Citation: International Journal of RF Technologies, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-26, 2023

Authors: Xu, Man | Wang, Yunze | Xing, Dan

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract:  This paper proposes an intelligent warehouse-picking approach using radio frequency identification (RFID) indoor positioning and natural language processing (NLP) speech recognition. A forward maximum matching algorithm segments speech into domain terminology. Location was estimated by RFID signal strengths between reference tags and pickers. Simulation results demonstrated a 50% reduction in segmentation runtime versus conventional methods. Speech recognition accuracy reached 90–95%, improving by 23% over baseline. Positioning accuracy also increased substantially. The techniques can reduce picking errors and costs. Further work should evaluate performance in real-world environments.

Keywords: RFID, natural language processing, speech recognition, warehouse picking, LANDMARC algorithm, indoor positioning

DOI: 10.3233/RFT-230055

Citation: International Journal of RF Technologies, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-18, 2024

Authors: Vasudevan, Ramya | Nagaraju, V.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: This document focuses on the Ultra-Wideband Modified Circular Robo structure Antenna (UWCRSA) with partial ground for the sub-7 GHz band (4.17 GHz to 7 GHz). The overall geometry of the proposed antenna is 12×18×0.8 mm3 . The designed structure is obtained by placing a simple modified circular robotic structure patch with dielectric constant (ɛ r ) and dissipation factor (tanδ ) of 4.4 and 0.02, respectively, on the FR4 substrate. In this document, we examine the design technique, complexity, overall geometric parameters, substrate used, feed technique and performance analysis of the proposed antenna. The semi-grounded radiating patch design is primarily suitable for cellular …vehicle applications and anything below 7 GHz (C – V2X) (IEEE 802.11p standard) and WIFI enhanced 3rd version (IEEE 802.11ac standard). Simulation results for the proposed antenna were generated with a Radio Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) and measurements were obtained with a Rohde and Schwarz ZNB 20 network analyzer. Simulation and measurement results are measured in terms of S11, VSWR, bandwidth, gain, directivity, efficiency and radiation pattern. Antenna results show good agreement and can be used for C – V2X, WIFI Extended 3rd Version and satellite communications. Show more

Keywords: Wideband, Sub 7 GHz, C – V2X, WIFI 3rd version, modified circular robo structure antenna

DOI: 10.3233/RFT-230043

Citation: International Journal of RF Technologies, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-18, 2024

Authors: Elkhoukhi, H. | Bakhouya, M. | Elmouatamid, A. | El Ouadghiri, D. | Gaber, J.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Comprehensive occupancy information in smart buildings has become more imperative in order to develop new control strategies in energy management systems. Several techniques can be used to collect occupancy information considering accurate sensing techniques, such as passive infrared (PIR), carbon dioxide (CO2) and different types of cameras (i.e., thermal, or optical cameras). Recent studies show the usefulness of integrating occupancy information into energy management systems to reduce energy consumption while maintaining the occupants’ comfort. The purpose of this work is to elaborate a comprehensive review on occupancy detection systems in smart buildings. This study presents a set of comparison standards …including methods, occupancy resolution, type of buildings and sensors. A classification of different approaches, which can be implemented and integrated into the building management system for detecting indoor occupancy, is introduced. Summary and discussions are given by highlighting the usefulness of machine learning for enabling predictive control of active systems in smart buildings. Show more

Keywords: Occupancy detection, occupancy prediction, building energy management systems, data driven methods, machine learning

DOI: 10.3233/RFT-240006

Citation: International Journal of RF Technologies, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-31, 2024

Authors: Bottani, Eleonora | Casella, Giorgia | Palmisano, Gaetano | Rizzi, Antonio | Romagnoli, Giovanni | Torreggiani, Federico

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract:  In recent years, an innovative passive Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) technology, namely Wiliot technology, has emerged as an alternative to passive UHF RFID. This paper proposes an experimental campaign aimed at measuring and evaluating the performance of Wiliot technology, when applied to typical use cases of passive UHF RFID technology. In particular, 9 laboratory tests were conducted to assess read distances, temperature tests, inventory accuracy, and tracking. The results provide interesting feedback, especially regarding reading distances, inventory accuracy, and temperature, suggesting that Wiliot technology could be successfully utilized in these use cases. The tracking tests, however, revealed some limitations, primarily …due to the requirement for the tag to remain stationary in front of the bridge for at least 10–15 seconds to obtain consistent results. Although the number of tests conducted is limited, they represent a first experience with the targeted technology, and the results can be useful to both researchers and practitioners. The former can find suggestions for further tests to enhance the technology and its potential use in real operating environments, while the latter can derive suggestions for possible practical implementations. Show more

Keywords: Wiliot technology, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), UHF RFID, performance tests

DOI: 10.3233/RFT-240050

Citation: International Journal of RF Technologies, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-19, 2024