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Authors: Badawi, Alaa F. | Hosny, Gehan | El-Hadary, Mohamed | Mostafa, Mostafa H.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: It has been suggested that nitrate and nitrite may play a role in the etiology of human oral cancer. We investigated whether salivary nitrate and nitrite and the activity of nitrate reductase (NRase) may affect the risk of oral cancer in Egypt, an area with high levels of environmental nitrosating agents. Levels of salivary nitrite (8.3 ± 1.0 µg/ml) and nitrate (44 ± 3.7 µg/ml) and activity of NRase (74 ± 10 nmol/ml/min) were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in …oral cancer patients (n = 42) compared to control Egyptian healthy individuals (n = 40, nitrite = 5.3 ± 0.3 µg/ml, nitrate = 27 ± 1.2 µg/ml, and NRase activity = 46 ± 4 nmol/ml/min). The adjusted odds ratio (OR) and the 95% confidence intervals (C.I.) for risk of oral cancer, categorized by the levels of salivary nitrate and nitrite and NRase activity, showed a higher cancer risk associated with nitrite > 7.5 ìg/ml (OR: 3.0, C.I.: 1.09.3), nitrite > 40 ìg/ml (OR: 4.3, C.I.: 1.413.3) and NRase activity > 50 nmol/ml/min (OR: 2.9, C.I.: 1.17.4). Our findings suggest that increased consumption of dietary nitrate and nitrite is associated with elevated levels of salivary nitrite. Together with the increased activity of salivary NRase, these observations may explain, at least in part, the role of nitrate and nitrite in the development of oral cancer in individuals from an area with a high burden of N-nitroso precursors. Show more
Keywords: nitrate, nitrite, nitrate reductase, oral cancer, saliva
Citation: Disease Markers, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 91-97, 1998
Authors: Devine, Peter L. | Quin, Rachel J. | Shield, Paul W. | Liew, Yew Wah | Sheehan, John K. | Thornton, David J.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Monoclonal antibody TH1 (IgM) was prepared by immunizing mice with deglycosylated (TFMSA-treated) cystic fibrosis mucin. TH1 reacted strongly with TFMSA treated cystic fibrosis mucin but not with the fully glycosylated mucin, indicating reactivity with a core mucin epitope. TH1 showed no reactivity with ovine mucin (98% of glycans as sialyl-Tn) but reacted strongly with desialylated ovine mucin, indicating the epitope for this mab was the Tn-antigen (O-linked GalNAc). However, TH1 showed no reactivity with …Tn-positive red blood cells, and the binding of TH1 was not inhibited by GalNAc at 2.5 mg/ml, illustrating the importance of the peptide sequence to which the GalNAc is attached. TH1 stained the majority of cancers of the colon, lung, stomach, ovary, breast, and cervix, and the cellular distribution of this antigen in normal tissue suggested reactivity with immature mucin. This antibody appears to be a useful reagent for the detection of immature mucin. Show more
Citation: Disease Markers, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 99-112, 1998
Authors: Kassim, S.K. | Ibrahim, S.A. | Eissa, S. | Zaki, S.S.A. | El-Begermy, M.A. | Abdou, M.H. | Hassan, M.I. | Khalifa, A.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: It is widely accepted that the Epstein-Barr virus is etiologically associated with the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The human papillomavirus is also associated with inverted papilloma. We used the polymerase chain reaction technique to detect both viruses in both types of tumors. Flow cytometry was also used to study the DNA pattern and proliferative behavior of the tumors in relation to the viruses. EBV was detected in 13/20 (65%) of NPC specimens, and in none of …IP (n = 10) or control specimens (n = 10). This indicates the contribution of EBV as an etiologic factor in NPC. Five cases of NPC (25%) were positive for HPV 16, two of them were EBV positive. Four HPV 16 positive cases were found among cases with inverted papilloma, but none among the control cases. Flow cytometry revealed that all NPC, IP, and control samples were diploid except one aneuploid NPC sample. Proliferative capacity (PC) of primary tumors was predictive of tumor recurrence in NPC. Using 13.6% as a cut-off point for PC, we were able to discriminate between high risk and low risk groups with 100% sensitivity and 86% specificity. PC can be used as a baseline prognostic parameter in NPC, making it possible to modify courses of treatment in an attempt to inhibit tumor recurrence. Show more
Keywords: oncogenic viruses, nasopharyngeal tumors, PCR, PC, flow cytometry
Citation: Disease Markers, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 113-120, 1998
Authors: Lucarini, N. | Antonacci, E. | Bottini, N. | Borgiani, P. | Faggioni, G. | Gloria-Bottini, F.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: We have studied a new sample of 276 NIDDM patients from the population of Penne (Italy). Comparison of the new data with those of 214 diabetic pregnant women from the population of Rome reported in a previous paper has shown that the pattern of association between low molecular weight acid phosphatase genotype and degree of glycemic control is similar in the two classes of diabetic patients. Among nonobese subjects the proportion of ACP1*A (the allele showing …the lowest enzymatic activity) is lower in diabetic patients with high glycemic levels (mean value greater than 8.9 mmol/l) than in diabetic patients with a low glycemic level (mean value less than 8.9 mmol/l). Among obese subjects no significant association is observed between glycemic levels and ACP1. Among nonobese subjects the concentration of f isoform of ACP1 is higher in patients showing a high glycemic level than in patients showing a low glycemic level. No significant difference is observed for s isoform. Show more
Keywords: cLMW-PTP, protein tyrosine phosphatase, ACP1, diabetes, glycemic level, diabetes heterogeneity
Citation: Disease Markers, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 121-125, 1998
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