Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation - Volume Pre-press, issue Pre-press

Authors: Yang, Juesheng | Hu, Shan | Huang, Li | Zhou, Jianliang | Xiang, Haiyan | Yang, Heng | Cheng, Hongzhang | Tang, Yanhua

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Transient receptor potential channel 7 (TRPM7) plays an important role in maintaining intracellular ion concentration and osmotic pressure. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role and mechanism of inhibiting the expression of TRPM7 in the treatment of distal myocardial ischemia. METHODS: H9C2 cells were treated with hypoxia post-treatment and reperfusion, respectively, detect the expression of HIF-1α and TRPM7, the concentration of Ca2 + and the degree of apoptosis in the H9C2 cells. The relevant miRNAs targeting TRPM7 were searched, the TRPM7 interference vectors were constructed, and the interference of different …interference vectors on TRPM7 in H9C2 cells was detected. RESULTS: The results showed that hypoxia post-treatment treatment would lead to increased expression of miR-22-3p which directly targeting TRPM7, decreased expression of TRPM7, increased expression of HIF-α and increased intracellular Ca2 + concentration. While reperfusion can increase the expression of HIF-1α and TRPM7 in H9C2 cells and increase the degree of apoptosis. CONCLUSION: Knockdown of TRPM7 can significantly reduce reperfusion injury in H9C2 cells, reduce the degree of apoptosis, and the TRPM7 interference vector can inhibit the expression of TRPM7 and have a certain protective effect on the reperfusion injury of H9C2 cells. Show more

Keywords: TRPM7, hypoxia post-treatment, protective effect, H9C2 cardiomyocytes

DOI: 10.3233/CH-200934

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-15, 2020

Authors: Grambow, Eberhard | Klee, Gina | Xie, Wentao | Schafmayer, Clemens | Vollmar, Brigitte

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: The volatile endogenous mediator hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) is known to impair thrombus formation by affecting the activity of human platelets. Beside platelets and coagulation factors the endothelium is crucial during thrombogenesis. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the effect of the H2 S donor GYY4137 (GYY) on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro . METHODS: Flow cytometry of resting, stimulated or GYY-treated and subsequently stimulated HUVECs was performed to analyse the expression of E-selectin, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. To study a potential reversibility of the GYY action, E-selectin expression was further assessed on HUVECs that …were stimulated 24 h after GYY exposure. A WST-1 assay was performed to study toxic effects of the H2 S donor. By using the biotin switch assay, protein S-sulfhydration of GYY-exposed HUVECs was assessed. Further on, the effects of GYY on HUVEC migration and von Willebrand factor (vWF) secretion were assessed. RESULTS: GYY treatment significantly reduced the expression of E-selectin and ICAM-1 but not of VCAM-1. When HUVECs were stimulated 24 h after GYY treatment, E-selectin expression was no longer affected. The WST-1 assay revealed no effects of GYY on endothelial cell viability. Furthermore, GYY impaired endothelial migration, reduced vWF secretion and increased protein S-sulfhydration. CONCLUSIONS: Summarizing, GYY dose dependently and reversibly reduces the activity of endothelial cells. Show more

Keywords: Thrombosis, E-selectin, S-sulfhydration, migration, gaseous transmitter

DOI: 10.3233/CH-200868

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2020

Authors: Konschake, Wolfgang | Haase, Hermann | Jünger, Michael | Lutze, Stine | Arnold, Andreas

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Dermatoscopy is successfully used for the early diagnosis of suspicious skin lesions, however, correct diagnosis depends on training. There is evidence that wavelet analysis by Laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) can identify malignant melanomas by their hypervascularization and changes in the capillary morphology. OBJECTIVE: To show the capability of LDF in the distinction of melanomas and benign pigmented skin lesions based on data collected over 16 years. METHODS: Evaluation of pigmented skin lesions was based on clinical information. The LDF measurements were taken. The suspect lesion was excised afterwards for histological work-up. Four case reports are …presented. Data collected over 16 years was processed into a neuronal network to estimate the dignity of the lesion. RESULTS: A total of 517 suspicious lesions were analyzed by LDF. In the histological work-up, 114 lesions turned out to be melanomas, whereas 403 benign naevi were secured. Specificity to detect melanomas was good based on the clinical information. The LDF increases the sensitivity of melanoma detection, which is also illustrated in four case reports. CONCLUSION: In addition to clinical parameters, such as color and border, information from the LDF can help in the diagnosis of malignant melanomas. The LDF provides information on the vascularization of the skin lesion. Show more

DOI: 10.3233/CH-200876

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2020

Authors: Li, Xiao-Long | Xie, Chen-Yi | Xu, Hui-Xiong

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Pseudoaneurysm (PSA) formation is the most common arterial complication of endovascular procedures requiring arterial puncture. The present study reported a case of a 72-year-old male patient with iatrogenic femoral artery PSA treated with contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) - guided thrombin injection. Conventional ultrasound (US) and CEUS were used to diagnose, guide treatment, and evaluate the treatment efficacy. In the case, the PSA was successfully occluded with 1000 IU of thrombin. During the follow-up after 48 hours of thrombin injection, US found that the PSA had complete thrombosis without arterial supply. No complications occurrence in the course of the treatment. CEUS - …guided thrombin injection for the treatment of PSA was effective and safety and the associated literatures were also reviewed. Show more

DOI: 10.3233/CH-200923

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2020

Authors: Varga, Gabor | Ghanem, Souleiman | Szabo, Balazs | Nagy, Kitti | Pal, Noemi | Tanczos, Bence | Somogyi, Viktoria | Barath, Barbara | Deak, Adam | Matolay, Orsolya | Bidiga, Laszlo | Peto, Katalin | Nemeth, Norbert

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The optimal timing of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) in renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is still unclear. We aimed to compare early- and delayed-effect RIPC with hematological, microcirculatory and histomorphological parameters. METHODS: In anesthetized male CrI:WI Control rats (n  = 7) laparotomy and femoral artery cannulation were performed. In I/R group (n  = 7) additionally a 45-minute unilateral renal ischemia with 120-minute reperfusion was induced. The right hind-limb was strangulated for 3×10 minutes (10-minute intermittent reperfusion) 1 hour (RIPC-1 group, n  = 7) or 24 hour (RIPC-24 group, n  = 6) prior to the I/R. Hemodynamic, hematological parameters and organs’ surface microcirculation …were measured. RESULTS: Control and I/R group had the highest heart rate (p  < 0.05 vs base), while the lowest mean arterial pressure (p  < 0.05 vs RIPC-1) were found in the RIPC-24 group. The highest microcirculation values were measured in the I/R group (liver: p  < 0.05 vs Control). The leukocyte count increased in I/R group (base: p  < 0.05 vs Control), also this group’s histological score was the highest (p  < 0.05 vs Control). The RIPC-24 group had a significantly lower score than the RIPC-1 (p  = 0.0025 vs RIPC-1). CONCLUSION: Renal I/R caused significant functional and morphological, also in the RIPC groups. According to the histological examination the delayed-effect RIPC method was more effective. Show more

Keywords: Acute kidney injury, ischemia-reperfusion, remote ischemic preconditioning, microcirculation, histopathology

DOI: 10.3233/CH-200916

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2020

Authors: Zhang, Xifeng | Yang, Likun | Xu, Guixia

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematological malignancy. This study was attempted to uncover the effects of long noncoding RNA taurine-upregulated gene1 (TUG1) on the viability and apoptosis of AML cells. METHODS: QRT-PCR was implemented to examine the expression of TUG1, miR-221-3p and KIT in AML. The correlation between TUG1 and clinicopathological features of AML patients was evaluated. The effect of TUG1 on AML cells were studied by RNA interference approach. AML cells were transfected with miR-221-3p mimic and miR-221-3p inhibitor, respectively. Then the viability and apoptosis of AML cells were examined by MTT and flow cytometry …assay, respectively. Additionally, dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm the interactions among TUG1, miR-221-3p and KIT. Western blot was applied to analyze protein expression of KIT. RESULTS: The expression of TUG1 and KIT was up-regulated in AML, but miR-221-3p was down-regulated. TUG1 expression had obviously correlation with World Health Organization (WHO) grade in AML patients. The functional experiment stated that TUG1 silencing suppressed the viability and accelerated the apoptosis of AML cells. Moreover, the mechanical experiment demonstrated that TUG1 and KIT were both targeted by miR-221-3p with the complementary binding sites at 3’UTR. Up-regulation of miR-221-3p inhibited the protein expression of KIT. Furthermore, in the feedback experiment, miR-221-3p inhibition or KIT overexpression reversed the repression of tumor behavior induced by TUG1 silencing. CONCLUSIONS: TUG1 silencing retarded viability and promoted apoptosis of AML cells via regulating miR-221-3p/KIT axis, providing a potential therapeutic target for AML. Show more

Keywords: Acute myeloid leukemia, long noncoding RNA TUG1, microRNA-221-3p, KIT, viability

DOI: 10.3233/CH-200906

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2020

Authors: Basarici, Ibrahim | Özen, Nur | Kilavuz, Ece | Kısak, Fatih | Basrali, Filiz | Yaras, Nazmi | Koksoy, Sadi | Celik, Mukadder Levent | Ulker, Pinar

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a devastating disease characterized with alterations in pulmonary vasculature yielding increased pulmonary arterial resistance. Emerging evidences suggest important regulatory roles of red blood cells (RBCs) on nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, mainly by modulating their endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) enzyme activity. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the alterations in RBC eNOS activity and intracellular NO generation under PAH conditions and the modulatory effects of Rho-Kinase (ROCK) inhibitors. METHODS: RBCs were isolated from patients with PAH and age-matched healthy subjects and were analyzed for their eNOS …activity and NO generation capacity under the conditions of the presence or absence of ROCK inhibitor, fasudil. Phosphotidylserine (PS) exposure was also defined. RESULTS: eNOS activity and intracellular NO generation were found to be lower in RBC from PAH patients. ROCK inhibitor increased basal eNOS activity and NO generation capacity of RBC from PAH patients to healty conditions.PS exposure levels were also higher in RBC from PAH patients. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides first evidences for decreased RBC eNOS activity due to its ROCK mediated negative regulation under PAH conditions. Considering increased ROCK activity contributes to progression of PAH, ROCK inhibition influences NO bioavailability through RBC eNOS, in addition to endothelial eNOS. Show more

Keywords: Pulmonary hypertension, eNOS, red blood cell, Rho kinase, fasudil

DOI: 10.3233/CH-200892

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-14, 2020

Authors: Huang, Hui | Li, Manying | Pan, Jiamin | Tong, Wenjuan | Cheng, Meiqing | Liang, Jinyu | Zheng, Yanling | Xie, Xiaoyan

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) results from excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone from parathyroid tumors. Differentiating parathyroid tumors can be challenging before operation. OBJECTIVES: To differentiate parathyroid carcinoma from benign tumors in patients with PHPT by the application of ultrasound and biochemical parameters. METHODS: This study is a retrospective study. The study enrolled 17 patients with parathyroid carcinoma (PC) and 57 patients with parathyroid adenoma (PA), confirmed by postoperative pathology, between September 2010 and July 2017. This study retrospectively compared the ultrasonic features of the tumors included echotexture, maximum lesion diameter, shape, margin, blood flow inside the …mass, intralesional calcifications, cysts in the mass, and biochemical parameters included serum calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone (PTH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels, gender distribution and age of patients between patients with PC and those with PA. RESULTS: In the US images, the two groups showed significant differences in heterogeneity, the appearance of a taller-than-wide shape, irregular or lobulated margins, and intralesional calcifications (p  <  #x003C;<  #x200A;0.05). However, no significant difference was found in echogenicity, maximum lesion diameter, blood flow, and cystic components of the mass (p  >  #x003E;>  #x200A;0.05). The mean PTH levels were significantly different between the two groups (p  <  #x003C;<  #x200A;0.05). The PC and PA patients did not differ significantly in terms of mean serum calcium, mean serum phosphorus, and mean ALP levels (p  >  #x003E;>  #x200A;0.05). There were significant differences to distinguish PC from PA in calcifications in mass or/and taller-than-wide shape combine with PTH >  #x003E;>  #x200A;1000 pg/mL (p  <  #x003C;<  #x200A;0.05). Significant difference existed in the age between the two groups (p  <  #x003C;<  #x200A;0.001). No significant difference existed in the gender distribution between the two groups (p  >  #x003E;>  #x200A;0.05). CONCLUSION: Ultrasound features especially intralesional calcifications and taller-than-wide shape combine with an extremely high serum PTH (>1000 pg/mL) are helpful in differentiating between benign and parathyroid tumors in patients with PHPT. Show more

Keywords: Adenoma, biochemical findings, parathyroid carcinoma, primary hyperparathyroidism, ultrasonography

DOI: 10.3233/CH-200846

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2020

Authors: Zhang, Wei-Bing | Li, Jing-Jing | Chen, Xiang-Yong | He, Bei-Li | Shen, Rong-Hua | Liu, Hua | Chen, Jian | He, Xiao-Fei

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare the diagnostic efficacy of shear wave elastography (SWE) comnined with ACR TI-RADS categories for malignancy risk stratification of thyroid nodules with interminate FNA cytology. METHODS: The clinical data, sonographic features, ACR TI-RADS grading and shear wave elastography images of 193 patients of surgical pathologically proven thyroid nodules with interminate FNA cytology were retrospectively analyzed. The diagnostic efficacy of ACR TI-RADS categories, the maximum Young’s modulus (Emax) of SWE and the combination of the two were calculated respectively. RESULTS: The ROC curves were drawn using surgical pathology results as the gold standard. The ROC …curves indicated that the cut-off value of ACR TI-RADS and Emax of SWE was TR5 and 41.2 kPa respectively, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.864 (95% CI: 0.879–0.934) and 0.858 (95% CI: 0.796–0.920) respectively. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of ACR TI-RADS was 81.4% (127/156), 84.8% (31/37), and 81.9% (158/193), respectively. That of SWE Emax was 80.8% (126/156), 78.4% (29/37), and 80.3% (155/193), respectively. After SWE combined with ACR TI-RADS, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy was 94.2% (147/156), 75.7% (28/37), and 90.7% (175/193), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: ACR TI-RADS classification system and shear wave elastography had high diagnostic efficacy for thyroid nodules with interminate FNA cytology. The combination of the two could improve diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy, and could help to differentiate benign and malignant thyroid nodules with interminate FNA cytology. Show more

Keywords: Thyroid nodules, indeterminate, shear wave elastography, ACR TI-RADS

DOI: 10.3233/CH-200893

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2020

Authors: Römer, Claudia | Fischer, Thomas | Haase, Oliver | Möckel, Martin | Hamm, Bernd | Lerchbaumer, Markus Herbert

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Median arcuate ligament syndrome (MALS) is a rare condition due to compression of the celiac artery (CA) by an anatomically abnormal median arcuate ligament. With ultrasonography (US) as first-line diagnostic modality in patients with unclear abdominal pain, there is limited data on its diagnostic performance in MALS. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the value of CA peak systolic velocity (PSV) in the workup of patients with suspected MALS. METHODS: Patients with diagnosis of MALS between 2009 and 2019 were referred by Department of Visceral Surgery after clinical and gastroenterological workup. Diagnosis was confirmed by by surgery or …further cross-sectional imaging. B-mode US findings and PSV in the CA during various respiratory states were compared between patients with a final MALS diagnosis and patients not meeting the diagnostic criteria. RESULTS: Patients with proven MALS (n  = 10) had higher median CA PSV during normal inspiratory breath-hold (239 [IQR, 159–327] vs. 138 [IQR, 116–152] cm/s; p  <  #x003C;<  #x200A;0.001), and expiratory breath-hold (287 [IQR, 191–412] vs. 133 [IQR, 115–194] cm/s; p  <  #x003C;<  #x200A;0.001) compared to patients without MALS (n  = 36). CA PSV in both inspiratory breath-hold (AUC 0.88, 95% CI 0.77–1.00) and expiratory breath-hold (AUC 0.89, 95% CI 0.78–1.00) was of diagnostic value for confirming MALS. The best diagnostic performance (100% sensitivity, 80% specificity) was found for the combination of CA PSVexpiration  + 2.4 · PSVinspiration  > 550 cm/s . CONCLUSIONS: Since results on optimal cutoff values are inconsistent, a combination of CA PSVs during breathing maneuvers may help to diagnose or rule out MALS. Show more

Keywords: Median arcuate ligament syndrome, MALS, Dunbar syndrome, color-coded duplex sonography, coeliac artery compression syndrome

DOI: 10.3233/CH-200903

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2020