Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation - Volume Pre-press, issue Pre-press

Authors: Jung, F. | Lamby, P. | Prantl, L. | Wiggermann, P. | Jung, E.M. | Krüger-Genge, A. | Franke, R.P.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract:  Iodinated contrast media (ICM) are widely used for diagnostic and interventional procedures in radiology and cardiology. Ideally, they should not interact with blood cells or vascular wall cells to avoid deteriorations of the blood circulation. However, it is well known that ICM can affect erythrocytes as well as endothelial cells which consequently might perturb especially the microcirculation. In former studies the influence of two ICM (iodixanol versus iopromide) on the vascular system, the development of blood stasis, on changes in renal resistive index (RRI) and vascular diameters, and on the post-mortem distribution of iodine as marker for ICM in the …explanted kidneys was examined. The modus of ICM application into the supra-renal aorta followed the regime in interventional cardiology, so that 10 bolus injections were administered at steady intervals (iopromide 4,32 ml / iodixanol 5 ml) accompanied by infusion of 500 ml isotonic NaCl-solution. In the present study, the post-mortem X-ray analysis revealed that there were no differences in iodine content in the regions of the mid-cortex and the medullo-pelvic transition zone of the kidneys after application of both ICM. Remarkable differences, however, were found in the region of the capsule-near cortex, where the application of iopromide led to a significantly lower iodine content in the microcirculation. This is in good agreement with former studies, in which a maldistribution in this area, presumably due to a decrease in arteriolar inflow as a result of stasis/occlusion was shown. Show more

Keywords: Iodinated contrast media, iodixanol, iopromide, kidney

DOI: 10.3233/CH-229102

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-7, 2022

Authors: Lin, Haiyan | Gao, Da | Wang, Shengjie | Wang, Zicheng | Guan, Haiwang | Wang, Yanwei | Zhou, Ying

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are the emerging informative RNAs, involved in cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis (AS). Endothelial injury is the initial qualitative change of AS. Thus, the objective of this study was to confirm the dysregulation and mechanism of circ_0000231 in cell model of AS at early stage in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). Methods: The expression of circ_0000231, miR-590-5p and programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) was detected using real-time quantitative PCR and western blot. Cell injury was measured with MTT, flow cytometry, caspase-3 activity assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). …The interaction among circ_0000231, miR-590-5p and PDCD4 was validated by dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and pull-down assays. Results: Stress ox-LDL decreased cell viability, and increased apoptosis rate and caspase-3 activity in HUVECs in a dose- and time-dependent manner in concomitant with promotions of interleukin-6, interleukin-1β , tumor necrosis factor-α, LC3-II/I and Beclin-1 levels. Besides, circ_0000231 and PDCD4 expressions were upregulated, and miR-590-5p was downregulated in ox-LDL-stimulated HUVECs. Functionally, knockdown of circ_0000231 and overexpression of miR-590-5p could suppress ox-LDL-elicited above effects on apoptosis, autophagy and inflammatory response, accompanied with PDCD4 downregulation. Physically, miR-590-5p could directly interact with circ_0000231 and PDCD4. Conclusion: Downregulation of circ_0000231 suppresses HUVECs from ox-LDL-induced injury partially through regulating miR-590-5p/PDCD4 axis via competing endogenous RNA mechanism, showing a novel potential target for the pathology and treatment of endothelial injury in AS. Show more

Keywords: circ_0000231, miR-590-5p, ox-LDL, HUVECs, PDCD4

DOI: 10.3233/CH-231696

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-17, 2023

Authors: Zhu, LiJun | Yu, YuLong | Wang, HuiJun | Wang, MingCang | Chen, MinJuan

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) exert significant roles in septic acute lung injury (ALI). Accumulating evidence suggests that PMN-derived exosomes (PMN-exo) are a novel subcellular entity that is the fundamental link between PMN-driven inflammation and tissue damage. However, the role of PMN-exo in septic ALI and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α ), a key regulator of innate immunity in septic ALI, was used to induce PMN activation in vitro . Using an in vitro co-culture system, the rat alveolar macrophage cell line NR8383 was co-cultured with TNF-α -stimulated PMN-released exosomes (TNF-α -exo) to further confirm the …results of the in vitro studies and explore the underlying mechanisms involved. A septic lung injury model was established by cecal ligation and puncture surgery, and PMN-exo were injected into septic mice through the tail vein, and then lung injury, inflammatory release, macrophage polarization, and apoptosis were examined. The results reported that TNF-α -exo promoted the activation of M1 macrophages after i.p. injection in vivo or co-culture in vitro . Furthermore, TNF-α -exo affected alveolar macrophage polarization by delivering HCG18. Mechanistic studies indicated that HCG18 mediated the function of TNF-α -exo by targeting IL-32 in macrophages. In addition, tail vein injection of si-HCG18 in septic mice significantly reduced TNF-α -exo-induced M1 macrophage activation and lung macrophage death, as well as histological lesions. In conclusion, TNF-α -exo-loaded HCG18 contributes to septic ALI by regulating macrophage polarization. These findings may provide new insights into novel mechanisms of PMN-macrophage polarization interactions in septic ALI and may provide new therapeutic strategies for patients with sepsis. Show more

Keywords: Sepsis, acute lung injury, PMNs exosomes, LncRNA HCG18, macrophage polarization

DOI: 10.3233/CH-221624

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-18, 2023

Authors: Wei, Jun | Zhu, XueShuang | Sun, AYu | Yan, XiaoTian | Meng, Xing | Ge, Shenglin

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is featured by thickening and calcification of the aortic valve. Osteoblast differentiation is a crucial step in valve calcification. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) participate in the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal cells. However, the character of lncRNA FGD5 antisense RNA 1 (FGD5-AS1) in CAVD is uncertain. After collection of human aortic valve tissue samples, detection of FGD5-AS1, microRNA (miR)-497-5p and Baculovirus inhibitor 5 (BIRC5) was conducted. Valve mesenchymal cells were isolated from CAVD patients and induced to differentiate to osteoblasts, and transfected with FGD5-AS1, miR-497-5p and BIRC5 plasmids. Detection of the alkaline phosphatase activity was after …osteogenic induction of human aortic valve interstitial cells (hAVICs); Detection of the degree of calcium nodules and osteoblast differentiation markers (RUNX2 and OPN) was conducted. After establishment of a mouse model of CAVD, detection of the thickness of aortic valve leaflets, and the degree of calcification of the valve leaflets, and evaluation of echocardiographic parameters were implemented. Experimental data manifested in CAVD patients, lncRNAFGD5-AS1 and BIRC5 were reduced, but miR-497-5p was elevated; Enhancing lncRNA FGD5-AS1 or repressing miR-497-5p mitigated CAVD by restraining osteogenic differentiation; LncRNA FGD5-AS1 sponged miR-497-5p to target BIRC5; Repressive BIRC5 turned around the therapeutic action of elevated FGD5-AS1 or depressed miR-497-5p on hAVICs; Enhancive FGD5-AS1 in vivo was available to reduce ApoE -/-  mouse CAVD induced via high cholesterol diet. All in all, lncRNAFGD5-AS1 targets BIRC5 via miR-497-5p to alleviate CAVD. Show more

Keywords: Long non-coding RNA FGD5-AS1, MicroRNA-497-5p, Alleviation, Calcific aortic valve disease

DOI: 10.3233/CH-221692

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-18, 2023

Authors: Wang, Yueru | Liu, Ping | Chen, Xiaoyan | Yang, Wuxiao

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Atherosclerosis (AS) was one of the main causes of death in the elderly, and lesions in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) could lead to AS. CircRNA-charged multivesicular body protein 5 (circ_CHMP5) was reported to participate in the progression of AS. METHODS: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to analyze the levels of circ_CHMP5, miR-516b-5p, and transforming growth factor beta receptor 2 (TGFβR2) in AS patients or ox-LDL-induced HUVECs. 5-Ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine and cell counting kit-8 assays were performed to detect cell proliferation. Proteins expression was assessed by western blot assay. Cell apoptosis was examined …by flow cytometry. Tube formation assay was utilized to measure the tube formation ability of HUVCEs. The targeting relationships between miR-516b-5p and circ_CHMP5 or TGFβR2 were confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA-pull down assay. RESULTS: Circ_CHMP5 was enhanced in the serum of AS patients and ox-LDL-exposure HUVECs. Ox-LDL blocked proliferation and tube formation of HUVECs and induced cell apoptosis, and circ_CHMP5 knockdown reversed these effects. In addition, circ_CHMP5 regulated the growth of ox-LDL-induced HUVECs through miR-516b-5p and TGFβR2. Moreover, the effects of circ_CHMP5 knockdown on ox-LDL-induced HUVECs were obviously recovered by downregulation of miR-516b-5p, and overexpression of TGFβR2 restored the effects of miR-516b-5p upregulation on ox-LDL-stimulated HUVECs. CONCLUSION: Silence of circ_CHMP5 overturned ox-LDL-treated inhibition of HUVECs proliferation and angiogenesis by miR-516b-5p and TGFβR2. These results provided new solutions for the treatment of AS. Show more

Keywords: Circ_CHMP5, miR-516b-5p, TGFβR2, HUVECs, AS

DOI: 10.3233/CH-231722

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-15, 2023

Authors: Luo, Jieli | Wang, Xiaogang | Zhou, Panpan | Huang, Pintong

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: It is rare for intraductal papilloma (IDP), a benign papillary tumor, to occur in the sublingual gland (SLG). CASE SUMMARY: A 55-year-old man incidentally found a painless mass in his left submandibular region (SMR). He had a history of two surgeries for bilateral SLG cyst. Contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed. The patient received trans-cervical excision of left residual SLG in combination with excision of left submandibular gland (SMG). The postoperative course was uneventful and no signs of recurrence during 5 months of follow-up. DISCUSSION: For a SMR mass, extraoral …type of IDP in SLG should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Show more

Keywords: Intraductal papilloma, sublingual gland, submandibular region, case report

DOI: 10.3233/CH-231717

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-3, 2023

Authors: Diesch, Sophia T. | Prantl, Lukas | Anders, Marvin | Eigenberger, Andreas | Wiesmeier, Anna | Brix, Eva | Griesbeck, Theresa | Brébant, Vanessa

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Asymmetry and scar formation of the nipple-areola complex (NAC) after reduction mammoplasty with periareolar suture are common complications and can significantly affect patient satisfaction. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate possible procedure-specific influencing factors on asymmetry and shape disturbances of the nipple-areola complex to optimize postoperative outcome and thus improve patient satisfaction. METHODS: 78 patients were followed-up after a 5-year period as part of a retrospective cohort study. Objective parameters as areolar diameter, symmetry, scar patterns, dimensions of the breast, and anthropometric measurements were recorded. All patients underwent surgery according to an …established treatment algorithm depending on the preoperative measurements. Follow up was 1 week, 6 week, 6 months and 3 years postoperatively. RESULTS: The periareolar suture-technique significantly influenced the symmetry and shape of the NAC. Compared to the intraoperative determined diameter and the postoperative diameter, the net-suture technique showed the highest NAC symmetry and minimal divergence. Patients who underwent Hall-Findlay mammoplasty showed significantly higher rates of asymmetry and deformity of the NAC with teardrop formation in comparison to Lejour mammoplasty. Scar formation was affected by periareolar ruffle formation especially after purse string suture. CONCLUSIONS: Regardless of what reduction mammoplasty techniques and periareolar suturing-technique are used, a tension-free suture of the NAC is crucial for shape, symmetry and scar formation. The net suture technique resulted in significantly higher symmetry of the NAC. Show more

Keywords: Nipple-areola complex symmetry, reduction Mammoplasty, postoperative symmetry NAC, NAC symmetry, operative influence factors

DOI: 10.3233/CH-238116

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-7, 2023

Authors: Michael, Jung Ernst | Xiaoyan, Xie | Xiaoer, Zhang

Article Type: Editorial

DOI: 10.3233/CH-238110

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-5, 2023

Authors: Ren, Ling | Zhao, Yuzhuo | Xiao, Jing | Li, Miao | Zhang, Ying | Zhu, Lianhua | Luo, Yukun

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: PURPOSE: Early assessment of the severity of acute kidney injury (AKI) is critical to the prognosis of patients. Renal microcirculation hemodynamic changes and inflammatory response are the essential links of AKI induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). This study aims to explore the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) based on vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) targeted microbubbles (TM) in evaluating the renal microcirculation hemodynamics and inflammatory response of different severity of AKI. METHODS: Eighteen male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into three groups (n  = 6): sham operation (sham) group, mild IRI-AKI (m-AKI) group, and severe IRI-AKI (s-AKI) group. CEUS …based on VCAM-1 TM was used to evaluate renal microcirculation perfusion and inflammatory response. Pearson’s correlation was used to analyze the correlation between ultrasonic variables and pro-inflammatory factors. RESULTS: Compared with the sham group, AUC in m-AKI and s-AKI groups was significantly decreased, and s-AKI group was lower than m-AKI group (P  <  0.05). NID of m-AKI and s-AKI groups was significantly higher than that of the sham group, and s-AKI group was higher than that of m-AKI group (P  <  0.05). There was a linear positive correlation between NID and VCAM-1 protein expression (r = 0.7384, P  <  0.05). NID and AUC were correlated with TNF-α and IL-6 levels (P  <  0.05). Compared with early AKI biomarkers, CEUS based on VCAM-1 TM has higher sensitivity in evaluating the severity of AKI. CONCLUSIONS: CEUS based on VCAM-1 TM can evaluate renal microcirculation perfusion and inflammatory response in mild and severe AKI, which may provide helpful information for assessing the severity of AKI. Show more

Keywords: Acute kidney injury, Ischemia-reperfusion injury, ultrasonography, microcirculation, inflammation

DOI: 10.3233/CH-231940

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2023

Authors: Jung, Friedrich | Prantl, Lukas

Article Type: Editorial

DOI: 10.3233/CH-238109

Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-2, 2023