Applied Ontology - Volume 1, issue 1

Authors: Guarino, Nicola | Musen, Mark A.

Article Type: Other

Citation: Applied Ontology, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1-5, 2005

Authors: Lenat, Douglas B.

Article Type: Research Article

Citation: Applied Ontology, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 9-12, 2005

Authors: Uschold, Mike

Article Type: Research Article

Citation: Applied Ontology, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 13-16, 2005

Authors: Bennett, Brandon

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The paper considers the problem of defining concepts within formal ontologies. A number of distinct modes of definition are identified, which represent alternative viewpoints on the classification of objects. The nature of these modes is examined and interactions and correlations between them are considered. This analysis is used to characterise a number of key problems that confront the attempt to analyse the meanings of natural language concepts by means of a precise formal ontology. Some proposals …are made as to how these problems might be overcome. It is argued that specification of precise formal semantics requires clear separation between aspects of meaning that are based on different modes of classification. But, to provide an adequate ontological framework to describe the semantics of natural language terms, additional formal apparatus is required to synthesise their meaning by combining the different modes. This meta-level ontological formalism must articulate the interactions between the different modes. Show more

Keywords: Ontology, concept definition, vagueness

Citation: Applied Ontology, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 17-26, 2005

Authors: Poesio, Massimo

Article Type: Research Article

Citation: Applied Ontology, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 27-33, 2005

Authors: Aussenac-Gilles, Nathalie | Sörgel, Dagobert

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: After a recent breakthrough in the early 90's, text analysis is acknowledged as one of the promising ways to rapidly build better grounded semantic resources such as terminologies and ontologies. This domain has recently undergone significant evolutions with a massive reference to machine learning algorithms and information extraction techniques together with linguistic- and statistic-based natural language processing. This position paper promotes three main ideas: (i) that highly domain-specific or task-specific, even idiosyncratic …ontologies, are very useful, especially when they are linked to broader consensual schemes and they can be built with reasonable effort; (ii) that corpus-based ontologies can capture the perspective of a domain; and (iii) that supervised ontology learning from text makes feasible the development of specialized ontologies adapted for specific uses. We propose the establishment of an inventory of tools for building ontologies from text, give a first classification of such tools, and present an initial review of some recent methods and tools. Show more

Keywords: Knowledge engineering from texts, ontology, terminology, natural language processing, term extraction, semantic relationships

Citation: Applied Ontology, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 35-46, 2005

Authors: Galton, Antony

Article Type: Research Article

Citation: Applied Ontology, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 47-52, 2005

Authors: Donnelly, Maureen

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Newton distinguishes between absolute and relative places. Both types of places endure through time and may be occupied by various objects at various times. But unlike absolute places, each relative place stands in fixed spatial relations with one or more reference objects. Relative places with independent reference objects (e.g., a ship and the earth) may move relative to one another. Relative places, not absolute places, are used to locate objects and track their movements …in common-sense reasoning and in disciplines such as biology, engineering, and geology. The purpose of this paper is to develop a formal theory for reasoning about relative places and their changing relations to both other places and to material objects. Show more

Keywords: Relative space, location, formal ontology

Citation: Applied Ontology, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 55-75, 2005

Authors: Roman, Dumitru | Keller, Uwe | Lausen, Holger | de Bruijn, Jos | Lara, Rubén | Stollberg, Michael | Polleres, Axel | Feier, Cristina | Bussler, Cristoph | Fensel, Dieter

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The potential to achieve dynamic, scalable and cost-effective marketplaces and eCommerce solutions has driven recent research efforts towards so-called Semantic Web Services that are enriching Web services with machine-processable semantics. To this end, the Web Service Modeling Ontology (WSMO) provides the conceptual underpinning and a formal language for semantically describing all relevant aspects of Web services in order to facilitate the automatization of discovering, combining and invoking electronic services over the Web. …In this paper we describe the overall structure of WSMO by its four main elements: ontologies, which provide the terminology used by other WSMO elements, Web services, which provide access to services that, in turn, provide some value in some domain, goals that represent user desires, and mediators, which deal with interoperability problems between different WSMO elements. Along with introducing the main elements of WSMO, we provide a logical language for defining formal statements in WSMO together with some motivating examples from practical use cases which shall demonstrate the benefits of Semantic Web Services. Show more

Keywords: Semantic Web Services, Ontologies, Semantic Web, Web services

Citation: Applied Ontology, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 77-106, 2005

Authors: Welty, Christopher | Andersen, William

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The OntoClean methodology was based on a set of formal meta-properties whose semantics were specified in S5 modal logic. One of these metaproperties, Rigidity, has come under more focused scrutiny by the ontology community, and several problems with the formalization have been discussed along with several solutions. In this paper, we attempt to reconcile these results in a larger framework that exposes different kinds of rigidity, as well as two new metaproperties, actuality and permanence, which …deal more specifically with the behavior of properties with respect to time and existence. Show more

Citation: Applied Ontology, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 107-116, 2005