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Article type: Research Article
Authors: Botti Benevides, Alessandera; * | Bourguet, Jean-Rémia | Guizzardi, Giancarloa; b | Peñaloza, Rafaelb | Almeida, João Paulo A.a
Affiliations: [a] NEMO, Computer Science Department, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras/Vitória, Brazil. E-mails: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] | [b] Faculty of Computer Science, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Italy. E-mails: [email protected], [email protected]
Correspondence: [*] Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +5527996561982.
Note: [] Accepted by: Michael Grüninger
Abstract: In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the application of foundational ontologies, i.e., formal ontological theories in the philosophical sense, to provide a theoretically sound foundation for improving the theory and practice of conceptual modeling and knowledge representation. This paper addresses one particular foundational theory of events termed UFO-B, which has been successfully employed as a reference model for addressing problems from complex media management, enterprise architecture, software engineering, and modeling of events in petroleum exploration. Despite its success, there is still no formalization of UFO-B in a decidable knowledge representation language that could support reasoning about complex events and event relations. We address this gap by proposing a number of alternative translations from UFO-B’s original axiomatization (in first-order logic and in the Alloy formal language) to the description logic SROIQ, which is the formal underpinning of OWL 2 DL. Additionally, to support practical applications, we translated these SROIQ theories to OWL 2 DL TBoxes, which were validated by showing that all the intended models of UFO-B (the logical models of the UFO-B specification in Alloy) that we generated are consistent with these UFO-B TBoxes. In a sense, the specification in Alloy implements the specification in first-order logic, while the OWL 2 TBoxes implement the SROIQ specifications. Incidentally, the methodology that we designed for the translation from UFO-B’s original axiomatization in FOL and Alloy to SROIQ came to be a key contribution of this work by providing us evidence of the inadequacy of DLs for the specification of comprehensive foundational ontologies.
Keywords: Ontology of Events, Description Logics, SROIQ, OWL, SAT
DOI: 10.3233/AO-190214
Journal: Applied Ontology, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 293-334, 2019
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