Affiliations: [a] Gomal Centre of Biochemistry and Biotechnology (GCBB), Gomal University D.I.Khan, Pakistan
| [b] NPRL, Gomal Centre for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University D.I.Khan, Pakistan
| [c] DDCL, Gomal Centre for Pharmaceutical Sciencess, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University D.I.Khan, Pakistan
Correspondence:
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Corresponding author: Adnan Amin, NPRL, Gomal Centre for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University D.I.Khan, Pakistan. E-mails: [email protected], [email protected].
Abstract: The aim of the study was to perform comprehensive phytochemical analysis, UHPLC, ATR-FTIR profiling and evaluation of various biological activities of N. Indica rhizome. The phytochemical analysis indicated presence of alkaloids, saponins, and triterpenes. In the antioxidant assay, the methanolic (IC50 40.3±0.04) and chloroform fractions (IC50 40.05±0.21) showed highest DPPH inhition. Like wise, methanolic fraction showed highest FRAP value (756.2±0.06) followed by chloroform (225.0±0.04) and ethyl acetate fractions (193.0±0.21). In the antimicrobial assays, chloroform (MIC < 0.156 mg/ml) and methanol fractions (MIC 0.625 mg/ml) fractions showed significant inhibition of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Also a significant antibiofilm of biofilm formation was recorded by chloroform (IC50 1.73 mg/ml) and ethyl acetate fractions (IC50 1.76 mg/ml). It was concluded that the N. Indica rhizome posess antioxidant, antimicrobial and antibiofilm potential, that may be attributed to high flavonoid contents.
Keywords: N. Indica, ayurveda, biofilm, root extracts, antioxidant, rhizome
