Abstract: The symptoms and signs of Sandifer's syndrome are described,
especially the abnormal movements, which can wrongly be diagnosed as some form
of dystonia. They affect head, neck and chest, and are often accompanied by
abnormal postures. The syndrome, may or may not, be associated with hiatus
hernia, and gastro-intestinal symptoms are common. Neurologically impaired
children are especially at risk, and can present particular difficulties in
diagnosis. Barium swallow can confirm the diagnosis, and also help to establish
the cause. The possible reasons for the syndrome are considered, relief of
abdominal discomfort being most plausible. Treatment can result in dramatic
improvement, although sometimes surgery is needed.
