A Proposed Brain-, Spine-, and Mental- Health Screening Methodology (NEUROSCREEN) for Healthcare Systems: Position of the Society for Brain Mapping and Therapeutics

Article type: Review Article

Authors: Nami, Mohammad^{a; b; c; d; e} | Thatcher, Robert^{a; f} | Kashou, Nasser^{a; b} | Lopes, Dahabada^{a; b} | Lobo, Maria^{a; b} | Bolanos, Joe F.^{a; b} | Morris, Kevin^{a; b} | Sadri, Melody^{a; b} | Bustos, Teshia^{a; b} | Sanchez, Gilberto E.^{a; b} | Mohd-Yusof, Alena^{a; b} | Fiallos, John^{a; b} | Dye, Justin^g | Guo, Xiaofan^h | Peatfield, Nicholas^j | Asiryan, Milena^{a; b} | Mayuku-Dore, Alero^{a; b} | Krakauskaite, Solventa^{a; b} | Soler, Ernesto Palmero^{a; b} | Cramer, Steven C.^k | Besio, Walter G.^l | Berenyi, Antal^m | Tripathi, Manjariⁿ | Hagedorn, David^o | Ingemanson, Morgan^o | Gombosev, Marinela^ff | Liker, Mark^p | Salimpour, Yousef^q | Mortazavi, Martin^r | Braverman, Eric^s | Prichep, Leslie S.^t | Chopra, Deepakⁱ | Eliashiv, Dawn S.^{a; u} | Hariri, Robert^{a; b; v; w; ee} | Tiwari, Ambooj^x | Green, Ken^{a; b} | Cormier, Jason^{a; b; y} | Hussain, Namath^{a; gg} | Tarhan, Nevzat^gg | Sipple, Daniel^{a; b; hh} | Roy, Michael^{a; b; ii} | Yu, John S.^jj | Filler, Aaron^{a; z; jj} | Chen, Mike^{a; kk} | Wheeler, Chris^{a; b} | Ashford, J. Wesson^ll | Blum, Kenneth^mm | Zelinsky, Deborahⁿⁿ | Yamamoto, Vicky^{a; b; aa; bb} | Kateb, Babak^{a; b; cc; dd; ee; *}

Affiliations: [a] Society for Brain Mapping and Therapeutics (SBMT), Los Angeles, CA, USA | [b] Brain Mapping Foundation (BMF), Los Angeles, CA, USA | [c] Neuroscience Center, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), City of Knowledge, Panama | [d] Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, and Dana Brain Health Institute, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran | [e] Inclusive Brain Health and BrainLabs International, Swiss Alternative Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland | [f] Applied Neuroscience, Inc., St Petersburg, FL, USA | [g] Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA | [h] Department of Neurology, Loma Linda University, CA, USA | [i] The Chopra Foundation, New York, NY, USA | [j] Protome Technologies Inc., Vancouver, Canada | [k] Department of Neurology, UCLA, and California Rehabilitation Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA | [l] Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering Department and Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Rhode Island, RI, USA | [m] The Neuroscience Institute, New York University, New York, NY, USA | [n] Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India | [o] Evoke Neuroscience, New York, NY, USA | [p] Department of Neurosurgery, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA | [q] Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA | [r] California Institute of Neuroscience, Thousand Oaks, CA, USA | [s] PATH Foundation NY, New York, NY, USA | [t] BrainScope Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA | [u] UCLA David Geffen, School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Los Angeles, CA, USA | [v] Celularity Corporation, Warren, NJ, USA | [w] Weill Cornell School of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, New York, NY, USA | [x] Departments of Neurology, Radiology & Neurosurgery - NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA | [y] Lafayette Surgical Specialty Hospital, Lafayette, LA, USA | [z] Institute for Nerve Medicine, Santa Monica, CA, USA | [aa] USC Keck School of Medicine, The USC Caruso Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Los Angeles, CA, USA | [bb] USC-Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA | [cc] Loma Linda University, Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda, CA, USA | [dd] National Center for NanoBioElectronic (NCNBE), Los Angeles, CA, USA | [ee] Brain Technology and Innovation Park, Los Angeles, CA, USA | [ff] SPARK Neuroscience, New York, NY, USA | [gg] Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Uskudar University, Turkey | [hh] Midwest Spine and Brain Institute, Roseville, MN, USA | [ii] Uniformed Services University Health Science (USUHS), Baltimore, MD, USA | [jj] Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA | [kk] Department of Neurosurgery, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA | [ll] Stanford University, Palo Alto, VA, USA | [mm] Division of Addiction Research, Center for Psychiatry, Medicine, and Primary Care, Western Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA | [nn] Mind-Eye Institute, Northbrook, IL, USA

Correspondence: [*] Correspondence to: Babak Kateb MD, Society for Brain Mapping and Therapeutics (SBMT), Los Angeles, CA, USA. E-mail: [email protected].

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated neurological, mental health disorders, and neurocognitive issues. However, there is a lack of inexpensive and efficient brain evaluation and screening systems. As a result, a considerable fraction of patients with neurocognitive or psychobehavioral predicaments either do not get timely diagnosed or fail to receive personalized treatment plans. This is especially true in the elderly populations, wherein only 16% of seniors say they receive regular cognitive evaluations. Therefore, there is a great need for development of an optimized clinical brain screening workflow methodology like what is already in existence for prostate and breast exams. Such a methodology should be designed to facilitate objective early detection and cost-effective treatment of such disorders. In this paper we have reviewed the existing clinical protocols, recent technological advances and suggested reliable clinical workflows for brain screening. Such protocols range from questionnaires and smartphone apps to multi-modality brain mapping and advanced imaging where applicable. To that end, the Society for Brain Mapping and Therapeutics (SBMT) proposes the Brain, Spine and Mental Health Screening (NEUROSCREEN) as a multi-faceted approach. Beside other assessment tools, NEUROSCREEN employs smartphone guided cognitive assessments and quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) as well as potential genetic testing for cognitive decline risk as inexpensive and effective screening tools to facilitate objective diagnosis, monitor disease progression, and guide personalized treatment interventions. Operationalizing NEUROSCREEN is expected to result in reduced healthcare costs and improving quality of life at national and later, global scales.

Keywords: Brain mapping, brain screening, cMEG, mental health screening, neuro-screening, neurotechnologies, preventive medicine, qEEG

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-215240

Journal: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 86, no. 1, pp. 21-42, 2022