Affiliations: [a] Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
| [b] Aging Research Center, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| [c] Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| [d] Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
Correspondence:
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Correspondence to: Edwin Chin Kang Tan, Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville 3052, Australia. Tel.: +46 72 866 13 83; E-mail: [email protected].
Abstract: Objective: The objectives were to investigate national trends in outpatient antihypertensive prescribing in people with dementia in the United States between 2006 and 2012, and to investigate clinical and demographic factors associated with different antihypertensive prescribing patterns. Methods: This was an analysis of the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) and the outpatient department component of the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS). Outpatient visits by people aged ≥65 years with documented dementia were analyzed. Complex samples multivariate logistic regression was conducted to estimate temporal trends and adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for factors associated with prescribing of antihypertensives, multiple antihypertensives and different antihypertensive classes. Results: There was a statistically significant increase in the proportion of physician visits by older people with dementia with a documented diagnosis of hypertension from 49.3% (95% CI: 41.3% –57.4%) in 2006 to 55.7% (95% CI: 50.2% –61.2%) in 2012. There were non-significant increases in overall antihypertensive use and the use of multiple antihypertensive classes. Male sex was associated with any antihypertensive use (AOR 1.37, 95% CI 1.02–1.84) and multiple antihypertensive class use (AOR 1.52, 95% CI 1.14–2.04). Black race (AOR 2.04, 95% CI 1.12–3.71) and Midwest residence (AOR 2.03, 95% CI 1.46–2.82) were associated with multiple antihypertensive use. Conclusion: There was an increase in documented hypertension in physician visits by older people with dementia from 2006 to 2012, but minimal increases in overall antihypertensive use. Various demographic and clinical factors were associated with the prescribing of antihypertensives in people with dementia.
