Affiliations: [a] Department of Accounting and Finance, School of Management, Economic and Social Sciences, University of West Attica, Egaleo, Athens, Greece | [b] Department of Tourism, Faculty of Economic Sciences, Ionian University, Corfu, Greece
Correspondence:
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Corresponding author: Constantinos T. Artikis, Department of Tourism, Faculty of Economic Sciences, Ionian University, Corfu, Greece. E-mail: [email protected].
Abstract: Adoption of proactivity provides theorists and practitioners with very significant information for undertaking research work in a wide range of scientific fields. In particular, the presence of proactivity substantially supports the implementation of activities under conditions of uncertainty. It constitutes a general recognition that proactive thinking facilitates strategic acting on the provision of operations for the protection of systems evolving in uncertain environments. Clearly, proactive decision making constitutes the most valuable factor for improving the resilience of systems threatened by a variety of risks. The present paper is primarily concerned with the formulation, investigation, and interpretation in proactive decision processes of two discrete stochastic models. The definitions and the representations as discrete random variables of many structural concepts are significant reasons for implementing discrete stochastic models in proactive treatment of future situations.
