Digital image processing for evaluating the impact of designated nanoparticles in biomedical applications

Issue title: Machine Learning Based Computational Bioinformatics for Healthcare Big Data

Guest editors: Muhammad Attique Khan, Gaurav Dhiman and Sathishkumar VE

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Baazeem, Rami^a | Maheshwary, Priti^b | Binjawhar, Dalal Nasser^c | Gulati, Kamal^d | Joshi, Shubham^e | Ojo, Stephen^f | Pareek, Piyush Kumar^g | Shukla, Prashant Kumar^{h; *}

Affiliations: [a] MIS Department, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | [b] Rabindranath Tagore University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India | [c] Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia | [d] Amity School of Insurance, Banking and Actuarial Science, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India | [e] Department of Computer Science Engineering, Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Symbiosis International (Deemed) University, Pune, Maharashtra, India | [f] Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Springdale, SC, USA | [g] Department of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology Bengaluru, Karnataka, India | [h] Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India

Correspondence: [*] Corresponding author: Prashant Kumar Shukla, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh 522302, India. E-mail: [email protected].

Abstract: Nanomaterials are finding increasingly diverse medical uses as technology advances. Researchers are constantly being introduced to new and improved methods, and these applications see widespread use for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Early disease detection, efficient drug delivery, cosmetics and health care products, biosensors, miniaturisation techniques, surface improvement in implantable biomaterials, improved nanofibers in medical textiles, etc. are all examples of how biomedical nanotechnology has made a difference in the medical field. The nanoparticles are introduced deliberately for therapeutic purposes or accidentally from the environment; they will eventually reach and penetrate the human body. The exposed nanoparticles interact with human blood, which carries them to various tissues. An essential aspect of blood rheology in the microcirculation is its malleability. As a result, nanomaterial may cause structural abnormalities in erythrocytes. Echinocyte development is a typical example of an induced morphological alteration. The length of time it takes for these side effects to disappear after taking a nano medication also matters. Haemolyses could result from the dangerous concentration. In this experiment, human blood is exposed to varying concentrations of chosen nanomaterial with potential medical applications. The morphological modifications induced were studied by looking at images of erythrocyte cells. That’s a picture of a cell taken using a digital optical microscope, by the way. We used MATLAB, an image-analysis programme, to study the morphometric features. Human lymphocyte cells were used in the cytotoxic analysis.

Keywords: Nano particles, haemolytic, hemolysis, echinocytes, carbon nanotube

DOI: 10.3233/IDA-237435

Journal: Intelligent Data Analysis, vol. 27, no. S1, pp. 83-94, 2023