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Issue title: Trends in Cerebellar Research
Article type: Research Article
Authors: Kirschen, Matthew P.; | Chen, S.H. Annabel; | Desmond, John E.
Affiliations: Department of Radiology and Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA | Neurosciences Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA | Department and Graduate Institute of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan | Division of Psychology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore | Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
Note: [] Corresponding author: John E. Desmond, Department of Neurology, Division of Cognitive Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Reed Hall East – 2, 1620 McElderry Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. Tel.: +1 410 614 3040; Fax: +1 410 502 2189; E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract: Verbal working memory (VWM) engages frontal and temporal/parietal circuits subserving the phonological loop, as well as, superior and inferior cerebellar regions which have projections from these neocortical areas. Different cerebro-cerebellar circuits may be engaged for integrating aurally- and visually-presented information for VWM. The present fMRI study investigated load (2, 4, or 6 letters) and modality (auditory and visual) dependent cerebro-cerebellar VWM activation using a Sternberg task. FMRI revealed modality-independent activations in left frontal (BA 6/9/44), insular, cingulate (BA 32), and bilateral inferior parietal/supramarginal (BA 40) regions, as well as in bilateral superior (HVI) and right inferior (HVIII) cerebellar regions. Visual presentation evoked prominent activations in right superior (HVI/CrusI) cerebellum, bilateral occipital (BA19) and left parietal (BA7/40) cortex while auditory presentation showed robust activations predominately in bilateral temporal regions (BA21/22). In the cerebellum, we noted a visual to auditory emphasis of function progressing from superior to inferior and from lateral to medial regions. These results extend our previous findings of fMRI activation in cerebro-cerebellar networks during VWM, and demonstrate both modality dependent commonalities and differences in activations with increasing memory load.
Keywords: fMRI, cerebellum, modality, verbal working memory, neuroimaging
DOI: 10.3233/BEN-2010-0266
Journal: Behavioural Neurology, vol. 23, no. 1-2, pp. 51-63, 2010
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